The influence of multiple birth and bereavement on maternal and family outcomes 2 and 7 years after very preterm birth

• Published in: Early human development 2016-09, Vol.100, p.1-5
• Main Authors: Treyvaud, Karli, Aldana, Andrea C, Scratch, Shannon E, Ure, Alexandra M, Pace, Carmen C, Doyle, Lex W, Anderson, Peter J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Advanced Basic Science; Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine
• ISSN: 0378-3782
• DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.04.005

Abstract Background Psychological distress has been reported by mothers of infants born very preterm (VPT) and by mothers of multiples (twins and triplets). This study examined the influence of i) multiple birth and ii) bereavement associated with a multifetal pregnancy, on mental health, parenting stress and family functioning for mothers of children born VPT across early childhood. Methods Participants were 162 mothers of 194 infants (129 singletons, 65 multiples) born at < 30 weeks' gestation or with a birth weight < 1250 g who completed questionnaires when their children were two and seven years corrected age. Fifteen mothers (9%) experienced bereavement associated with a multifetal pregnancy. Maternal mental health was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire at two years and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at seven years. Parenting stress and family functioning were assessed using the Parenting Stress Index and Family Assessment Device. Results Maternal mental health, stress and family functioning were similar in mothers of VPT singletons and multiples. However compared with mothers who had not experienced bereavement, mothers who had were 3.6 times [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.05, 12.5] more likely to report elevated anxiety symptoms and 3.6 times [95% CI 1.05, 12.3] more likely to report elevated depressive symptoms when their VPT child was seven years old. Conclusions The results of this study highlight the need for monitoring and offering ongoing support to bereaved mothers with surviving VPT children. However, within the context of VPT birth, multiple birth does not increase the risk for maternal psychological distress in early childhood.