Non-coding RNAs in the development, diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer

Abstract More than 90% of the human genome is actively transcribed, but less than 2% of the total genome encodes protein-coding RNA, and thus, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a major component of the human transcriptome. Recently, ncRNA was demonstrated to play important roles in multiple biological proce...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine 2016
Main Authors: Weng, Mingjiao, Wu, Di, Yang, Chao, Peng, Haisheng, Wang, Guangyu, Wang, Tianzhen, Li, Xiaobo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Internal Medicine
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Summary:Abstract More than 90% of the human genome is actively transcribed, but less than 2% of the total genome encodes protein-coding RNA, and thus, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a major component of the human transcriptome. Recently, ncRNA was demonstrated to play important roles in multiple biological processes by directly or indirectly interfering with gene expression, and the dysregulation of ncRNA is associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarized the function and mechanism of miRNA, lincRNA and some other types of ncRNAs, such as SnoRNA, CircRNA, pseudogene RNA and even protein-coding mRNA, in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). We also presented their clinical application in the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. The summary of the current state of ncRNA in CRC will contribute to our understanding of the complex processes of CRC initiation and development and will help in the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC diagnosis and treatment.
ISSN:1931-5244
DOI:10.1016/j.trsl.2016.10.001