Real-World Data Shows Increased Incidence of Autoimmune Disease in Survivors of Childhood Lymphoid Malignancies

• Published in: Blood 2024-11, Vol.144, p.5094-5094
• Main Authors: Davidow, Kimberly Ann, Rohan, Thomas Z, Roslund, Cooper R, Porcu, Pierluigi, Khoo, Alan S, McNair, Christopher, Brescia, AnneMarie C, Powell, Jonathan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0006-4971
• DOI: 10.1182/blood-2024-194128

Introduction With nearly 85% of children diagnosed with cancer becoming long-terms survivors (American Cancer Society, 2024), there is an increased focus on identifying and preventing late treatment-related effects. The list of known long-term effects is extensive and includes secondary malignancies, early cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders (COG LTFU Guidelines, 2023). Though there are known associations between autoimmune disease and subsequent development of cancer (Mekinian et al, Rheumatology 2016), the reverse has rarely been assessed, and there are no current recommendations to screen for specific autoimmune diseases in childhood cancer survivors (CCS). One study published by the Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia study group in 2015 reviewed national cancer registries and identified that CCS had a statistically significant increased risk of developing any autoimmune disease as compared to the general population (Holmqvist et al, Ann Rheum Dis 2016). No similar study has been performed in the United States. Methods We conducted this retrospective cohort study utilizing the global database TriNetX, which includes electronic health record data for over 113 million patients. Patients currently >22 years old with a diagnosis of a lymphoid-derived malignancy occurring