Vitamin D deficiency in Europe: pandemic?12

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been described as being pandemic, but serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] distribution data for the European Union are of very variable quality. The NIH-led international Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) has developed protocols for standardizing existing...

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Published in:The American journal of clinical nutrition 2016-04, Vol.103 (4), p.1033-1044
Main Authors: Cashman, Kevin D, Dowling, Kirsten G, Škrabáková, Zuzana, Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, Valtueña, Jara, De Henauw, Stefaan, Moreno, Luis, Damsgaard, Camilla T, Michaelsen, Kim F, Mølgaard, Christian, Jorde, Rolf, Grimnes, Guri, Moschonis, George, Mavrogianni, Christina, Manios, Yannis, Thamm, Michael, Mensink, Gert BM, Rabenberg, Martina, Busch, Markus A, Cox, Lorna, Meadows, Sarah, Goldberg, Gail, Prentice, Ann, Dekker, Jacqueline M, Nijpels, Giel, Pilz, Stefan, Swart, Karin M, van Schoor, Natasja M, Lips, Paul, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Cotch, Mary Frances, Koskinen, Seppo, Lamberg-Allardt, Christel, Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon A, Sempos, Christopher T, Kiely, Mairead
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
25(OH)D
Europe
prevalence
standardized
vitamin D deficiency
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Summary:Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been described as being pandemic, but serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] distribution data for the European Union are of very variable quality. The NIH-led international Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) has developed protocols for standardizing existing 25(OH)D values from national health/nutrition surveys. Objective: This study applied VDSP protocols to serum 25(OH)D data from representative childhood/teenage and adult/older adult European populations, representing a sizable geographical footprint, to better quantify the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Europe. Design: The VDSP protocols were applied in 14 population studies [reanalysis of subsets of serum 25(OH)D in 11 studies and complete analysis of all samples from 3 studies that had not previously measured it] by using certified liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry on biobanked sera. These data were combined with standardized serum 25(OH)D data from 4 previously standardized studies (for a total n = 55,844). Prevalence estimates of vitamin D deficiency [using various serum 25(OH)D thresholds] were generated on the basis of standardized 25(OH)D data. Results: An overall pooled estimate, irrespective of age group, ethnic mix, and latitude of study populations, showed that 13.0% of the 55,844 European individuals had serum 25(OH)D concentrations
ISSN:0002-9165
1938-3207
DOI:10.3945/ajcn.115.120873