Tolerance indices and cluster analysis to evaluate some bread wheat genotypes under water deficit conditions

• Published in: Alexandria journal of agricultural research 2019-08, Vol.64 (4), p.245-256
• Main Authors: Abd al-Karim, Thana Hamad Abd al-Salam, Abd al-Hamid, al-Sayyid Ali Muhammad, al-Hawwari, Muhammad Nabil Awad
• Format: Article
• Language: ara ; eng
• ISSN: 0044-7250; 2535-1931
• DOI: 10.21608/alexja.2019.70638

The present study was carried-out at the Experimental Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons to evaluate eighteen bread wheat genotypes including fourteen promising lines and four cultivars namely; Sakha 93, Sakha 95, Giza 171 and Shandaweel 1 under normal irrigation and deficit conditions. Additionally, six selection indices were used to identify the best genotypes that might be grown under water deficit condition using different drought indices namely; Mean Productivity (MP), Harmonic Mean (HM), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Yield Index (YI), and Modified Stress Tolerance Index (MSTI). The results indicated that, the effect of the irrigation treatments, genotypes and their interactions were significantly different in most studied characteristics. The means of all genotypes significantly decreased in all characters except for, proline content that was increased in the two growing seasons under water deficit conditions compared with to normal condition. Genotype 5 recorded the highest number of spikes /m², while the heaviest 1000-kernel weight was produced from Giza 171 under normal and water deficit condations. Sakha 95 gave the highest values for grain yield under both conditions. Based on drought indices HM, GMP, STI, YSI and MSTI, genotype 3 followed by Sakha 95, Shandweel 1, genotype 5 and Giza 171 were identified as suitable genotypes for water deficit conditions. The cluster analysis classified the tested genotypes into five main different groups, each group contained similar genotypes similar based on grain yield and stress tolerance indices. The fifes cluster consisted of one genotype (Sakha 95) that recorded high grain yield and stress tolerance degree followed by the third cluster which consisted of genotypes 3, 5, Giza 171 and Shandaweel 1 which had a moderate grain yield and tolerance to water deficit genotypes. So these genotypes might be used as parents in breeding programes to produce new genotypes with desirable characters related to drought tolerance. أجريت هذه الدراسة بمزرعة محطة البحوث الزراعية بسخا لتقييم ثمانية عشر تراكيب وراثيه لقمح الخبز تضمنت اربعة عشر سلاله جديدة وأربعة أصناف منزرعة وهي جيزة ،۱۷۱ شندول ۱، سخا ۹۳ وسخا ٩٥ تحت ظروف الري العادي ونقص المياه خلال موسمي ۲۰۱۸/۲۰۱۷ و۲۰۱۹/۲۰۱۸. بالإضافة الى تقييم مؤشرات الجفاف المختلفة تحت معاملات الري المختلفة أظهرت النتائج ان معظم الصفات تأثرت معنويا بالتركيب الوراثي و معاملات لري والتفاعل بينهما في الموسمين ح