Examination of cultural shock, inter-cultural sensitivity and willingness to adapt

• Published in: Education & training (London) 2016-01, Vol.58 (9), p.906-925
• Main Authors: D’Souza, Clare, Singaraju, Stephen, Halimi, Tariq, Sillivan Mort, Gillian
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acculturation; Adjustment; Adjustment (to Environment); Business Administration Education; Business operations; Business schools; China; College Students; Computer Software; Contingency; Cross Cultural Training; Cultural Awareness; Cultural differences; Cultural factors; Cultural transmission; Culture; Culture Conflict; Culture shock; Data analysis; Diaries; Experiential Learning; Explicit knowledge; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Informal Education; Interviews; Learning; Learning Experience; Learning Processes; Nonparametric Statistics; Observation; Self evaluation; Sensitivity; Student Attitudes; Students; Study abroad; Study tours; Tacit knowledge; Teaching Methods; Training; Vocational Interests
• ISSN: 0040-0912; 1758-6127
• DOI: 10.1108/ET-09-2015-0087

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify themes on international experiences that impact culture and how these findings will intervene in understanding cross-cultural training programs. Thereby an attempt is made to: evaluate cross-cultural insensitivity influences on cross-cultural shock and willingness to adapt, identify cultural impressions over a short overseas period, provide some insights on cross-cultural training that will improve training practices for cross-cultural assignments. Design/methodology/approach A diary method was used to analyze the data using NVivo. This research uses diary studies because they have been popular in identifying factors that influence learners to learn, as well as found to be productive to achieve short term experiences. They allow for in-depth analysis, uncovering several findings unlike observation and interviews that cannot reach. In addition, diary text is said to give information on areas of social reality that are not contained in the text. Following this the study used the theme category frequencies to enable us to undertake non-parametric testing of contingency tables. Findings Several descriptors were identified in this study; the χ2-test indicates that there is a difference in cultural shock experiences on negative cultural sensitivity but no difference in positive cultural sensitivity which was found significant at the p=0.05 level. On the other hand there is a significant association between positive cultural sensitivity and willingness to adjust and no significant association between negative cultural sensitivity and willingness to adjust which was found significant at the p=0.05 level. Research limitations/implications This research shows how learning in higher education can take into account the experiences by which learners can use their knowledge and skills for future cross-cultural training in international careers. Practical implications These results can be useful in guiding vocational interests. The results of the research offer descriptors of an exploratory nature which can also be used as a reference analysis for consequent phases in cross-cultural training. Originality/value Research provides several descriptors on international culture such as culture shock, positive and negative intercultural sensitivity, and willingness to adapt, some of which were significant. Diary method to analyze data are used which is distinctive and unique to understand behavior.