Referral Rates for Intervention or Assessment: A Meta-Analysis of Racial Differences

This study synthesized the literature on the rates of referral for intervention or assessment of students from three racial groups: Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic. Ten studies, published or unpublished, that presented frequency counts for the population and the referred sample for at leas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of special education 2003-08, Vol.37 (2), p.67-80
Main Authors: Hosp, John L., Reschly, Daniel J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
African American Students
African Americans
Asian American Students
Behavior Problems
Blacks
Day Programs
Disabilities
Disability Identification
Disproportionate Representation
Educational Discrimination
Elementary Secondary Education
Hispanic American Students
Hispanic Americans
Incidence
Individualized Education Programs
Racial Differences
Referral
Special Education
Student Characteristics
Systematic review
White people
White Students
Whites
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Summary:This study synthesized the literature on the rates of referral for intervention or assessment of students from three racial groups: Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic. Ten studies, published or unpublished, that presented frequency counts for the population and the referred sample for at least one school district yielded 44 comparisons. For comparisons between African American and Caucasian students, the mean risk ratios comparing the referral rates were significantly different from zero. No significant differences were found between the referral rates of Hispanic students and Caucasian students. Implications, limitations, and directions for future research are presented.
ISSN:0022-4669
1538-4764
DOI:10.1177/00224669030370020201