Avicennia marina (mangrove) soil amendment changes the fungal community in the rhizophere and root tissue of mungbean and contributes to control of root-knot nematodes [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

The effect of soil amendment with Avicennia marina (mangrove) on mungbean growth and mungbean infestation with Meloidogyne javanica was determined in greenhouse pot experiments. Galling and final nematode population densities were reduced by all soil amendments with mangrove. To better understand wh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytopathologia mediterranea 2003-08, Vol.42 (2)
Main Authors: Shaukat, S.S, Siddiqui, I.A, Mehdi, F.S. (Karachi Univ. (Pakistan). Dept. of Botany)
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ALTERNARIA
ALTERNARÍA
AMENDEMENT DU SOL
AMMENDAMENTI DEL TERRENO
ANTAGONISM
ANTAGONISME
ANTAGONISMO
ASPERGILLUS
ASPERSORIO
AVICENNIA
CHAETOMIUM
COLTURE IN SERRA
CONTROL DE NEMATODOS
CONTROLLO DEI NEMATODI
CULTIVOS DE INVERNADERO
ENMIENDAS DEL SUELO
ESPERIMENTI IN VASO
EXPERIMENTACIÓN EN CONTENEDOR
EXPÉRIMENTATION EN POT
FLORA MICROBIANA
FLORA MICROBICA
FLORE MICROBIENNE
GREENHOUSE CROPS
INFESTACIÓN
INFESTATION
INFESTAZIONE
LUTTE ANTINÉMATODE
MANGLES
MANGROVES
MANGROVIE
MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA
MICROBIAL FLORA
MUCOR
MYROTHECIUM
NEMATODE CONTROL
PALÉTUVIER
PENICILLIUM
PLANTE DE SERRE
POT EXPERIMENTATION
RHIZOCTONIA
SOIL AMENDMENTS
TRICHODERMA VIRIDE
VIGNA RADIATA RADIATA
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Summary:The effect of soil amendment with Avicennia marina (mangrove) on mungbean growth and mungbean infestation with Meloidogyne javanica was determined in greenhouse pot experiments. Galling and final nematode population densities were reduced by all soil amendments with mangrove. To better understand whether nematode suppression by A. marina was caused directly by the release of nematicidal factor(s) into the soil or was due indirectly to changes in the fungal community, the diversity of the rhizosphere populations of culturable fungi was assessed before organic amendment (day 0), after decomposition but before sowing (day 15) and at harvest (day 73). Thirteen out of 20 fungal species were isolated from both A. marina-amended and unamended soils, the most frequent genera being Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Mucor, Myrothecium and Rhizoctonia. The other seven were found only in amended soils. At different times in the course of the experiment, amended and unamended soils differed significantly in the fungi isolated from the rhizosphere and/or in the concentrations of A. marina. Trichoderma viride was isolated only from surface-sterilized mungbean roots grown in amended soils, whereas Chaetomium sp. was isolated only from unamended soils [E' stato determinato l'effetto dell'ammendamento con Avicennia marina (mangrovia) sulla crescita e sull'infestazione da Meloidogyne javanica del fagiolo aureo in esperimenti in vaso, in serra. La formazione delle galle e le densita' di popolazione del nematode sono state ridotte da tutti gli ammendamenti con mangrovia. Per meglio comprendere se l'inibizione dei nematodi da parte di A. marina fosse causata direttamente dalla liberazione di uno o piu' fattori nematocidi nel terreno o fosse dovuta indirettamente a cambiamenti della popolazione fungina, e' stata determinata la variazione delle popolazioni di funghi coltivabili prima dell'ammendamento organico (giorno 0), dopo la sua decomposizione ma prima della semina (giorno 15) e alla raccolta (giorno 73). Tredici specie fungine, rispetto alle 20 complessive, sono state isolate sia dai terreni ammendati con A. marina, sia da quelli non trattati; i generi piu' frequenti sono risultati Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Mucor, Myrothecium e Rhizoctonia. Le altre 7 specie sono state riscontrate solamente nei terreni ammendati. A tempi diversi nel corso dell'esperimento, i terreni ammendati e non ammendati differivano significa
ISSN:0031-9465