effect of the weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), on the mango seed weevil, Sternochetus mangiferae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in mango orchards in the Northern Territory of Australia

The mango seed weevil, Sternochetus mangiferae (Fabricius), is one of the major mango insect pests in northern Australia. A reasonable level of control can be obtained with insecticide sprays together with orchard sanitation, but the only option available for organic growers is the latter. Weaver an...

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Published in:International journal of pest management 2007, Vol.53 (1), p.15-24
Main Authors: Peng, R, Christian, K
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
biocontrol agent
biological control agents
Cryptorhynchus mangiferae
fruit damage
fruit grades
insect control
integrated control
integrated pest management
Mangifera indica
Mango insect pest
mangoes
Oecophylla smaragdina
orchard sanitation
orchards
organic production
pest monitoring
population density
predatory insects
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container_title International journal of pest management
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description The mango seed weevil, Sternochetus mangiferae (Fabricius), is one of the major mango insect pests in northern Australia. A reasonable level of control can be obtained with insecticide sprays together with orchard sanitation, but the only option available for organic growers is the latter. Weaver ants, Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius), are effective in controlling the main insect pests in citrus, cashew and mango orchards. To determine whether weaver ants, which are usually abundant in non-sprayed mango orchards, have the potential to control the mango seed weevil, field experiments together with regular monitoring programmes at six orchards in the Northern Territory of Australia were conducted from 2001 to 2003. Data from two conventional orchards showed that the treatment with weaver ants plus soft chemicals produced lower levels of downgraded fruits (
doi_str_mv 10.1080/09670870600968859
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A reasonable level of control can be obtained with insecticide sprays together with orchard sanitation, but the only option available for organic growers is the latter. Weaver ants, Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius), are effective in controlling the main insect pests in citrus, cashew and mango orchards. To determine whether weaver ants, which are usually abundant in non-sprayed mango orchards, have the potential to control the mango seed weevil, field experiments together with regular monitoring programmes at six orchards in the Northern Territory of Australia were conducted from 2001 to 2003. Data from two conventional orchards showed that the treatment with weaver ants plus soft chemicals produced lower levels of downgraded fruits (&lt;0.5%) compared to the treatment with chemical insecticides (1.4 - 2.1%). In three organic or insecticide-free orchards, fruits were much less damaged on trees with weaver ants (&lt;1%) than on trees without the ants (2.5 - 15.7%). In the sixth orchard, that had much higher mango seed weevil populations than the others, levels of downgraded fruits were lower on trees with abundant weaver ants than on trees with fewer weaver ants. We conclude that weaver ants are efficient biocontrol agents of the mango seed weevil, and that for successful control of the pest it is important both to maintain the ants at high levels and to destroy excess fruits.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0967-0874</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1366-5863</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/09670870600968859</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Taylor &amp; Francis</publisher><subject>biocontrol agent ; biological control agents ; Cryptorhynchus mangiferae ; fruit damage ; fruit grades ; insect control ; integrated control ; integrated pest management ; Mangifera indica ; Mango insect pest ; mangoes ; Oecophylla smaragdina ; orchard sanitation ; orchards ; organic production ; pest monitoring ; population density ; predatory insects</subject><ispartof>International journal of pest management, 2007, Vol.53 (1), p.15-24</ispartof><rights>Copyright Taylor &amp; Francis Group, LLC 2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-98b8418dfcd322efe82ec963fa013f482cd0ab4607c10dd1f4212548b11871043</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-98b8418dfcd322efe82ec963fa013f482cd0ab4607c10dd1f4212548b11871043</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,4009,27902,27903,27904</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Peng, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christian, K</creatorcontrib><title>effect of the weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), on the mango seed weevil, Sternochetus mangiferae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in mango orchards in the Northern Territory of Australia</title><title>International journal of pest management</title><description>The mango seed weevil, Sternochetus mangiferae (Fabricius), is one of the major mango insect pests in northern Australia. 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In the sixth orchard, that had much higher mango seed weevil populations than the others, levels of downgraded fruits were lower on trees with abundant weaver ants than on trees with fewer weaver ants. 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In the sixth orchard, that had much higher mango seed weevil populations than the others, levels of downgraded fruits were lower on trees with abundant weaver ants than on trees with fewer weaver ants. We conclude that weaver ants are efficient biocontrol agents of the mango seed weevil, and that for successful control of the pest it is important both to maintain the ants at high levels and to destroy excess fruits.</abstract><pub>Taylor &amp; Francis</pub><doi>10.1080/09670870600968859</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record>
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ispartof International journal of pest management, 2007, Vol.53 (1), p.15-24
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1366-5863
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recordid cdi_fao_agris_US201300769285
source Taylor and Francis Science and Technology Collection
subjects biocontrol agent
biological control agents
Cryptorhynchus mangiferae
fruit damage
fruit grades
insect control
integrated control
integrated pest management
Mangifera indica
Mango insect pest
mangoes
Oecophylla smaragdina
orchard sanitation
orchards
organic production
pest monitoring
population density
predatory insects
title effect of the weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), on the mango seed weevil, Sternochetus mangiferae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in mango orchards in the Northern Territory of Australia
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