Frequency and distribution of cyanogenic glycosides in Eucalyptus L'Hérit

• Published in: Phytochemistry (Oxford) 2008, Vol.69, p.1870-1874
• Main Authors: Gleadow, R.M, Haburjak, J, Dunn, J.E, Conn, M.E, Conn, E.E
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: chemotaxonomy; cyanogen; cyanogenesis; cyanogenic glycosides; Eucalyptus; plant taxonomy; prunasin
• ISSN: 0031-9422; 1873-3700

In this study approximately 420 of the described species of Eucalyptus were examined for cyanogenesis. Our work has identified an additional 18 cyanogenic species, 12 from living tissues and a further six from herbarium samples. This brings the total of known cyanogenic species to 23, representing approximately 4% of the genus. The taxonomic distribution of the species within the genus is restricted to the subgenus Symphyomyrtus, with only two exceptions. Within Symphyomyrtus, the species are in three closely related sections. The cyanogenic glycoside was found to be predominantly prunasin (1) in the 11 species where this was examined. We conclude that cyanogenesis is plesiomorphic in Symphyomyrtus (i.e. a common basal trait) but has probably arisen independently in the other two subgenera, consistent with recent phylogenetic treatments of the genus. The results of this study have important implications for the selection of trees for plantations to support wildlife, and to preserve genetic diversity.