Alleviation of aluminum toxicity in an acid sulfate soil in Malaysia using organic materials

• Published in: Communications in soil science and plant analysis 2003-11, Vol.34 (19-20), p.2993-3012
• Main Authors: Muhrizal, S, Shamshuddin, J, Husni, M.H.A, Fauziah, I
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acid sulfate soil; acid sulfate soils; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Aluminum; bioassays; Biological and medical sciences; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General agronomy. Plant production; green manures; industrial effluents; Mungbean; Organic materials; Oryza sativa; Other nutrients. Amendments. Solid and liquid wastes. Sludges and slurries; palm oil mill effluent; peat; phytotoxicity; poultry manure; rice straw; root growth; soil amendments; soil management; Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments; Vigna unguiculata
• ISSN: 0010-3624; 1532-2416
• DOI: 10.1081/CSS-120025221

In Peninsular Malaysia, acid sulfate soils are commonly distributed in the coastal plains. Some of these soils are planted to crops, but the yield, which is attributed to soil infertility related to aluminum (Al) toxicity. For acid sulfate soils, liming to eliminate Al toxicity is not practical. Application of organic materials to overcome the Al toxicity is considered a better option. Research conducted to determine the efficacy of organic matter to ameliorate acid sulfate soil infertility is few. Hence, this study was carried out. The results showed that Al was reduced substantially by addition of organic materials especially green manure and green manure in combination with peat. The mixture of peat and organic materials significantly lowered total and monomeric Al concentrations. Peat mixed with organic materials (especially green manure and rice straw) synergistically promoted complexation and chelation of monomeric Al, presumably forming Al-organic acid complex in the soil. The relative root length (RRL) of mungbean was negatively correlated with various Al indices. The RRL of mungbean increased with decreasing total and monomeric Al concentration, Al(3+) activities, monomeric Al activities, [Al(3+) + AlOH(2+) + Al(OH)2(+)], [3Al(3+) + 2AlOH(2+) + Al(OH)2(+)], aluminum activity ratio (AAR) and Al activity equivalent ratio (AER). The monomeric Al activities and Al(3+) activities to maintain 90% RRL were respectively 1.21 and 0.35 micromolar.