Traitement non chirurgical des tumeurs cérébrales des carnivores domestiques : intérêt de la radiothérapie et de la chimiothérapie

• Published in: Pratique médicale & chirurgicale de l'animal de compagnie 2011, Vol.46 (3-4), p.59-66
• Main Authors: de Fornel-Thibaud, P, Thibaud, J.-L, Delisle, F, Devauchelle, P
• Format: Article
• Language: fre
• Subjects: blood-brain barrier; brain; carnivores; case studies; cats; crossing; cytosine; dogs; domestic animals; drug therapy; drugs; hypertension; neoplasms; prognosis; radiotherapy; seizures; surgery
• ISSN: 0758-1882; 2212-5213
• DOI: 10.1016/j.anicom.2011.09.003

The treatment of brain tumours of domestic animals is based on two axis: the symptomatic treatment and the etiological treatment. The goal of the first is directed against the seizures and intracranial hypertension. The aim of the second one is to obtain a cytoreduction or to reduce tumour growth. Few brain tumours can be removed by surgery. Meningiomas are the best candidates for surgery, in a curative goal for cats. In dogs, adjuvant radiation therapy improves the prognosis of meningiomas after surgery. Radiation therapy is the palliative treatment of choice of other brain tumours (and meningiomas not removable). However data available in veterinary literature are limited, without comparative study and often without histological diagnosis of the treated lesion. These data mainly concern meningiomas, glial tumours and pituitary tumours. Long median survival times are reported after radiation therapy for glial and pituitary tumours (near 2years in several studies). Data concerning chemotherapy are extremely limited, with only case reports about the use of drugs crossing the blood-brain barrier (nitrosoureas, cytosine arabinoside).