Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and its components from Lebanese Origanum syriacum L

The chemical composition of essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of cultivated and wild Origanum syriacum were analyzed by gas chromatograph (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Regardless of growing habitat, both oils were characterized as carvacrol/γ-terpinene chemo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of essential oil research 2012-08, Vol.24 (4), p.339-345
Main Authors: Ibrahim, Ludmilla, Karaky, Mohamad, Ayoub, Pascale, El Ajouz, Nawal, Ibrahim, Said
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aerial parts
anti-infective properties
antibacterial activity
antifungal activity
bacteria
beta-caryophyllene
carvacrol
chemical composition
chemotypes
essential oil composition
essential oils
fungi
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
habitats
hydrodistillation
inhibitory concentration 50
Lamiaceae
Metarhizium anisopliae
microbial growth
minimum inhibitory concentration
mycelium
oils
Origanum syriacum
petroleum
thymol
γ-terpinene
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Summary:The chemical composition of essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of cultivated and wild Origanum syriacum were analyzed by gas chromatograph (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Regardless of growing habitat, both oils were characterized as carvacrol/γ-terpinene chemotypes. High in vitro antimicrobial activities of essential oil were attributed to the high content of phenolic derivative such as carvacrol. Total inhibition of fungal growth was achieved at 0.25–0.50 μL/mL of essential oil. Bacteria on the other hand, were slightly more susceptible to the essential oil with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.15 μL/mL to 0.50 μL/mL. Carvacrol and thymol were the most detrimental compounds towards both bacterial and fungal microorganisms with inhibition concentration at 50% (IC ₅₀) ranging between 0.01 and 0.18 μL/mL for bacteria and with total inhibition of fungal growth at a range of concentrations between 0.25 and 0.75 μL/mL. Antimicrobial activities of α-terpinene, p -cymene and β-caryophyllene were comparable with the activities of crude oil extract against almost all microorganisms. p -cymene, however, stimulated mycelial growth of Metarhizium anisopliae .
ISSN:2163-8152
1041-2905
2163-8152
DOI:10.1080/10412905.2012.692900