Review of the mechanism of cell death resulting from streptozotocin challenge in experimental animals, its practical use and potential risk to humans

Streptozotocin (STZ) (2-deoxy-2-({[methyl(nitroso)amino]carbonyl}amino)-[beta]-D-glucopyranose) is a naturally occurring diabetogenic compound, produced by the soil bacterium streptomyces achromogenes, that exhibits broad spectrum of antibacterial properties. Streptozotocin functions as a DNA synthe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders 2013-12, Vol.12 (60)
Main Authors: Chukwuma, Sonia, Essien, Udeme Nelson, Eleazu, Kate Chinedum, Eleazu, Chinedum Ogbonnaya
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
B cells
Biochemistry
Cell death
DNA synthesis
Soil microbiology
Streptozocin
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Summary:Streptozotocin (STZ) (2-deoxy-2-({[methyl(nitroso)amino]carbonyl}amino)-[beta]-D-glucopyranose) is a naturally occurring diabetogenic compound, produced by the soil bacterium streptomyces achromogenes, that exhibits broad spectrum of antibacterial properties. Streptozotocin functions as a DNA synthesis inhibitor in both bacterial and mammalian cells. In mammalian cells, the actual mechanism and metabolic targets of STZ toxicity that results in cell death is not known. This review identifies four key areas that explain the mechanism of the cytotoxicity of STZ in mammalian cell lines, investigates the practical aspects of using STZ in experimental animals and the potential risks of its exposure to human health. Keywords: Streptozotocin, Animals, Diabetes, Humans, Cell death
ISSN:2251-6581
2251-6581