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Measuring cultural values at the individual-level: considering morality in cross-cultural value research/ Mensuracao de valores culturais no nivel individual: considerando a moral na pesquisa cross-cultural de valores

Shared values are typically seen as one of the core aspects of culture. The usual procedure for deriving shared cultural values is through analyzing individuals' value priorities at the cultural-level. This paper outlines the conceptual and methodological problems associated with this procedure...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Revista de Administracao Mackenzie 2009, Vol.10 (3), p.60
Main Author: Vauclair, Christin-Melanie
Format: Report
Language:Portuguese
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Shared values are typically seen as one of the core aspects of culture. The usual procedure for deriving shared cultural values is through analyzing individuals' value priorities at the cultural-level. This paper outlines the conceptual and methodological problems associated with this procedure. Findings from selected empirical studies are presented to corroborate this critique. Alternative ways of measuring cultural values at the individual-level are presented and classified into a value taxonomy. Within this taxonomy past studies have so far focused on measuring values through importance ratings reflecting what individuals or social groups "desire". However, the argument is made that if cultural values are supposed to be shared they should reflect what is "desirable", i.e. what one "ought" to value or to strive for as a goal in life in a certain society. This constitutes a new approach for the measurement of cultural values. It is proposed that cultural values are measurable at the individual-level using the concept of morality. Suggestions are made how moral values could be operationalized referring to either the individual's moral values or those of a social group. The benefits of the value taxonomy for future research are eventually described. KEYWORDS Values; Culture; Morality; Measurement; Theory. Valores compartilhados sao tipicamente vistos como um dos aspectos centrais da cultura. O procedimento comum para derivar valores culturais compartilhados e feito por meio da analise das prioridades dos valores individuais no nivel cultural. Este artigo delineia os problemas conceituais e metodologicos associados com esse procedimento. Descobertas feitas por meio de estudos empiricos selecionados sao apresentadas para corroborar essa critica. Meios alternativos para medir valores culturais no nivel individual sao apresentados e classificados em uma taxonomia de valores. Nessa taxonomia, estudos anteriores tem ate agora focalizado a medicao de valores por meio da importancia atribuida, refletindo o que os individuos ou grupos sociais desejam. Contudo, argumenta-se que, se valores culturais sao supostamente compartilhados, eles deveriam refletir o que e desejavel, isto e, o que o individuo deve valorizar ou empenhar-se para alcancar como um objetivo de vida em uma determinada sociedade. Isso constitui uma nova abordagem para a mensuracao de valores culturais que propoe que sejam medidos no nivel individual, utilizando-se perguntas que envolvam moralidade. Su
ISSN:1518-6776