Miscible displacement of cations from vinasse in soil columns/Deslocamento miscivel de cations provenientes da vinhaca em colunas de solo

• Published in: Revista brasileira de engenharia agrícola e ambiental 2013-07, Vol.17 (6), p.743
• Main Authors: de Matos, Antonio T, de A. Gariglio, Helder A, Monaco, Paola A.V. Lo
• Format: Article
• Language: Portuguese
• ISSN: 1415-4366

In order to evaluate the retardation factor, dispersion coefficient and diffusion-effluent curves of calcium, magnesium and potassium present in the vinasse, a laboratory experiment was conducted in soil columns of typical Distrophic Red Latosol (LVd), typical Eutroferric Red Latosol (LVef) and typical Distrophic Yellow Red Latosol (LVAd). The columns were connected to the Mariotte bottle containing distilled water and then the vials containing wastewater. The relative concentrations of the samples of the effluent corresponding to the respective pore volumes were used to obtain the experimental curves of the effluent for potassium, calcium and magnesium. To obtain the retardation factors (fR) and dispersion-diffusion coefficients (D) for the ions, the data of the effluent curves and the Disp 1.1 program were used. The highest values of fR were obtained for potassium in LVd, followed by calcium in the LVAd and lastly, the potassium in the LVAd. The lowest fR and D values for all studied ions were obtained in LVef. Magnesium showed the lowest values of fR and D in the three evaluated soils. Key words: wastewater, retardation factor, dispersion-diffusion coefficients Com o objetivo de avaliar o fator de retardamento, o coeficiente de dispersao-difusao e as curvas de efluente dos ions calcio, magnesio e potassio presentes na vinhaca, realizou-se um experimento em laboratorio com colunas dos solos Latossolo Vermelho Distrofico (LVd), Latossolo Vermelho Eutroferrico (LVef) e Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo Distrofico (LVAd). As colunas foram interligadas a frascos de Mariotte contendo agua destilada e, em seguida, a frascos contendo agua residuaria. As concentracoes relativas as amostras do efluente, correspondentes aos respectivos volumes de poros, foram utilizadas a fim de se obter as curvas experimentais de efluente para o potassio, calcio e magnesio. Utilizou-se o programa Disp 1.1 para, a partir dos dados das curvas de efluente, obter os valores dos fatores de retardamento (fR) e os coeficientes de dispersao-difusao (D) para os ions. Os maiores valores de fR foram obtidos para o potassio no LVd, seguido do calcio no LVAd e por ultimo o potassio no LVAd. Os menores valores de fR e de D para todos os ions avaliados foram obtidos no LVef. O magnesio apresentou os menores valores de fR e D, nos tres solos avaliados. Palavras-chave: agua residuaria, fator de retardamento, coeficientes de dispersao-difusao