Substrates and containers for the citrus rootstocks' production irrigated by capillarity/Substratos e recipientes para a producao de porta-enxertos de citros irrigados por subcapilaridade

• Published in: Ciência rural 2014-03, Vol.44 (3), p.446
• Main Authors: Giuliani, Julio Cesar, Rieth, Sandra, Soares, Wagner, Lourosa, Gil, de Souza, Paulo Vitor Dutra
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Subjects: Citrus; Citrus fruits; Containers
• ISSN: 0103-8478

In the production of citrus seedling, the knowledge of rootstock substrate and container is essential to define the entire substantial period to produce quality seedling. The objective of this research was to evaluate seedling emergence and vegetative development of six citrus rootstocks grown on two substrates and kept in different containers at the stage of sowing irrigated by capillarity. Two commercial substrates were tested and seeding was performed in three containers: stiff plastic tubes with 50[cm.sup.3], stiff plastic tubes with 120[cm.sup.3] and polystyrene trays containing 72 cells with a volume of 120[cm.sup.3]. The six rootstocks citrus evaluated were: Trifoliata [Poncirus trifoliata [L.] Raf.]; Flying Dragon [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. var monstrosa]; Volkameriano lemon (Citrus volkameriana Pasq.), Fepagro C37 citrange [P. trifoliata x Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck.], Sunki tangerine (C. sunki hort. ex Tan.) and Swingle citrumelo (P. trifoliata x C. paradisi). The emergence, height and diameter of plants in the greenhouse were evaluated. Fresh weight, root and shoot dry weight, leaf number, leaf area per plant and leaf area per leaf were evaluated in the laboratory. In the evaluations of emergence of seedlings, the Sunki tangerine, Volkameriano lemon and Swingle citrumelo had higher rates compared to Trifoliata, Fepagro C37 citrange and Flying Dragon. When the system in a floating irrigation system, commercial substrate 1 is recommended for all containers. The commercial substrate 2 should be only used in alveolate trays of 120[cm.sup.3]. Key words: propagation, greenhouse, vegetative growth, citrus. O conhecimento do porta-enxerto, do substrato e do recipiente sao fundamentais para a definicao do periodo necessario para produzir mudas citricas de qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a emergencia deplantulas e o desenvolvimento vegetativo de seis porta-enxertos citricos, cultivados em dois substratos e mantidos em diferentes recipientes, em sementeira, irrigados por subcapilaridade. Foram testados dois substratos comerciais e a semeadura foi realizada em tubetes com 50[cm.sup.3], tubetes com 120[cm.sup.3] e bandejas de isopor contendo 72 celulas com volume de 120[cm.sup.3]. Os seis porta-enxertos citricos avaliados foram: Trifoliata [Poncirus trifoliata [L.] Raf.]; Flying Dragon [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. var. monstros a]; limoeiro Volkameriano (Citrus volkameriana Pasq.), citrangeiro Fepagro C37 [P trifoliata x Citrus sinens