Microclimatic alterations in a conilon coffee crop grown shaded by macadamia nut tree/Condicoes microclimaticas em cultivo de cafe conilon a pleno sol e arborizado com nogueira macadamia

• Published in: Ciência rural 2010-06, Vol.40 (6), p.1257
• Main Authors: Pezzopane, Jose Ricardo Macedo, Marsetti, Mariclei Maurilio Simoes, de Souza, Joabe Ma, Pezzopane, Jose Eduardo Macedo
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Subjects: Coffee; Nut industry; Photosynthesis; Restaurants
• ISSN: 0103-8478

Microclimatic measurements (photosynthetically active radiation--PAR, temperature and relative humidity of air and wind speed) were made in a Conilon coffee crop (Coffea canephora Pierre), grown in two different conditions: shaded by macadamia nut trees (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche) and unshaded. The experiment was carried out at Sao Mateus, Espirito Santo State, Brazil (18°43'S; 39°54'W; 39m), between September 2008 and June 2009, aiming to show the effects of shading crop system into the microclimate. The obtained results had inside shown differences in the transmission of PAR in the shaded crop, with variations of 18 to 88% and 17 to 87% when compared the two sampling episodes . The average transmission of PAR caused by macadamia nut trees varied of 65 to 59% during the sampling episodes. The wind speed was reduced by 72% at the shaded crop. The differences in the transmission of PAR and the incidence of winds produced different values of temperature and relative humidity of the air with the greatest effect during day-light values period and at the sampling nearest point to macadamias nut trees, where the average maximum temperature was up to 2.20C lower than the unshaded ones. Key words: shaded, microclimate, Coffea canephora, photosynthetically active radiation. Medicoes microclimaticas (radiacao fotossinteticamente ativa--RFA, temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar e velocidade do vento) foram realizadas em um cultivo de cafe Conilon (Coffea canephora Pierre) cultivado a pleno sol e arborizado com nogueira macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche), no Municipio de Sao Mateus, Espirito Santo (ES) (18°43'S; 39°54'W; 39m), durante o periodo de setembro de 2008 a junho de 2009, com o objetivo de apresentar os efeitos do cultivo arborizado no microclima. Os resultados obtidos mostraram diferencas na transmissividade a RFA dentro do sistema arborizado em relacao ao pleno sol, com variacoes de 18 a 88% e de 17 a 87% quando comparados em dois episodios de amostragem. A transmissividade media da RFA provocada pelas arvores de macadamia variou de 65 a 59% durante as duas epocas de amostragem. Com relacao a velocidade do vento, ocorreu uma reducao media de 72% em sua incidencia no cultivo arborizado. As diferencas na transmissividade de radiacao e na incidencia de ventos proporcionaram diferentes regimes de temperatura do ar e umidade relativa do ar, com maior efeito sobre os valores diurnos e no ponto de amostragem proximo ao renque de m