Polymer- and Carbon Nanotube-Supported Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Synthesis of Carbamates from Halides, Amines, and CO.sub.2

A series of tetraalkylammonium catalysts immobilized on polystyrene or carbon nanotubes were investigated in a reaction between alkyl halides, amines, and CO.sub.2. The yield of carbamates was up to 85 % at 100 °C and 1 MPa of CO.sub.2 after 3 h (first stage 25 °C, 1 h) in the presence of Cs.sub.2CO...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Catalysis letters 2016-07, Vol.146 (7), p.1163
Main Authors: Krawczyk, Tomasz, Jasiak, Katarzyna, Kokolus, Aneta, Baj, Stefan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amines
Carbamates
Catalysts
Halides
Nanotubes
Polymer industry
Polymers
Reagents
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:A series of tetraalkylammonium catalysts immobilized on polystyrene or carbon nanotubes were investigated in a reaction between alkyl halides, amines, and CO.sub.2. The yield of carbamates was up to 85 % at 100 °C and 1 MPa of CO.sub.2 after 3 h (first stage 25 °C, 1 h) in the presence of Cs.sub.2CO.sub.3 and DMF as a solvent. The best results were achieved in the case of large ammonium substituents (C.sub.4 and C.sub.6) in the catalyst, benzyl amine, and benzyl chloride as reagents. The catalysts retained their activity after at least five cycles when carefully dried between cycles. Both polymer and carbon nanotube supports were equally effective, but the latter were less prone to deactivation.
ISSN:1011-372X
1572-879X
DOI:10.1007/s10562-016-1738-1