Multicriteria analysis applied to zoning of protected areas in the coastal zone of Bahia, Brazil/Analise multicriterial aplicada a elaboracao de zoneamento de unidade de conservacao na zona costeira da Bahia, Brasil

• Published in: Ra'e ga 2016-08 (37), p.65
• Main Authors: Lopes, Elfany Reis do Nascimento, Lourenco, Roberto Wagner, Reuss-Strenzel, Gil Marcelo
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• ISSN: 1516-4136

This study aimed to demonstrate the application of multicriterial analysis (MCA) in the zoning of protected areas located in the coastal zone of Brazil, using the Environmental Protected Area (EPA) of Guaibim (Valenca-Bahia), as an example in a zoning that combines conservation of natural resources and local development. The multicriterial analysis was used to fit the EPA to the conservation and development through the establishment of criteria originated of a map of land use and the weighting of importance weights by process of hierarchical analysis technical and aggregation of factors by the linear weighted combination technical. The map of viability for conservation presented higher scores of viability in territorial extremes with mangrove, swamps, sandbanks areas and rivers. The map of viability for development suggested higher scores to the center of the EPA. Later, the generated maps were integrated by the multiple-objective analysis, by eliminating conflicts and accommodating appropriate areas for each objective. The multiple-objective analysis suggested that approximately 70% of the area for the conservation and development was delimited to 30% of the territory, culminating in two main areas of management (Conservation Area and Area of Development) and management subareas. The AMC is an analysis indicated the preparation of zoning of protected areas or, in its update, with ample capacity to reflect the reality of the territory and assist in conflict resolution during the decision process. Keywords: Decision-making; Geographic information system; Management zones; Multiple-objective analysis Este estudo objetivou demonstrar a aplicacao da analise multicriterial (AMC) na elaboracao do zoneamento de unidades de conservacao situadas na zona costeira do Brasil, utilizando a Area de Protecao Ambiental de Guaibim como exemplo na elaboracao de um zoneamento que compatibilizasse conservacao dos recursos naturais e desenvolvimento local. A analise multicriterial foi utilizada para adequar a APA a conservacao e ao desenvolvimento, atraves do estabelecimento de criterios advindos do mapa de uso da terra e da ponderacao dos pesos de importancia pela tecnica processo de analise hierarquica e da agregacao dos fatores pela tecnica da combinacao linear ponderada. O mapa de viabilidade a conservacao apresentou maiores escores de viabilidade nos extremos territoriais, com areas de manguezais, brejos (comunidades aluviais), restingas e rios. O mapa de viabilidade ao d