Tooth Crown Morphology in Turner and Klinefelter Syndrome Individuals from a Croatian Sample/Morfologija krune zuba u osoba s Turnerovim i Klinefelterovim sindromom iz hrvatskog uzorka

• Published in: Acta stomatologica croatica 2019-06, Vol.53 (2), p.106
• Main Authors: Maier, Christopher, Dumancic, Jelena, Brkic, Hrvoje, Kaic, Zvonimir, Pavicin, Ivana Savic, Poje, Zvonko, Scott, G. Richard
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Book publishing; Genetic aspects; Genetic research; Klinefelter syndrome; Turner syndrome
• ISSN: 0001-7019
• DOI: 10.15644/asc53/2/2

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) and Klinefelter syndrome (KS) represent the two most common X chromosome aneuploidies, each associated with systemic disruptions to growth and development. Effects of these conditions on tooth crown morphology are explored in a sample of Croatian individuals. Material and Methods: The sample included 57 TS, 37 KS and 88 control individuals. Dental crown morphology was scored on dental casts according to the Turner-Scott Dental Anthropology System. Results: Incisor shoveling and the hypocone were significantly different between TS individuals and both controland KS individuals. Individuals with TS exhibit lower grades of expression than either group. Furthermore, the number of lingual cusps on the mandibular premolars, the hypoconulid on the mandibular second molar, and cusp 7 on the mandibular first molar were significantly different, though pair-wise comparisons did not elucidate these differences. Tuberculum dentale, distal accessory ridge, and Carabelli's trait were expressed similarly to the control. KS individuals were not significantly different from control individuals for any trait, though this may be related to sample size. Conclusions: Previous studies suggest the loss of an X chromosome has a reducing effect on dental crown morphology, which is confirmed in this research. TS individuals exhibit generally simpler dental morphology compared to the control sample, though some traits are expressed comparably to the control sample. The effects of KS are less clear. Though previous studies suggest that the presence of an extra X chromosome increases dental crown dimensions, there was no notable effect on crown morphology in this study. Key words Tooth Crown Morphology; Turner Syndrome; Klinefelter Syndrome; X Chromosome Svrha: Turnerov sindrom (TS) i Klinefelterov sindrom (KS) dvije su najcesce aneuploidije kromosoma X i svaka je povezana sa sustavnim poremecajima u rastu i razvoju. Istrazivan je utjecaj tih sindroma na morfologiju krune zuba na uzorku osoba iz Hrvatske. Ispitanici i postupci: Uzorak je sadrzavao 57 osoba s TS-om, 37 s KS-om i 88 u kontrolnom uzorku. Morfologija kruna zuba vrjednovana je prema Turner-Scottovu dentoantropoloskom sustavu. Rezultati: Lopatasti sjekutici i hipokonus bili su znacajno drukciji u osoba s TS-om u odnosu prema kontroli i osobama s KS-om. Osobe s TS-om pokazuju nize stupnjeve ekspresije negoli one u drugim skupinama. Nadalje, znacajno je razlicit bio broj lingvalnih kvrzica na ma