Association between history of HBV vaccine response and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody response to the BioNTech/Pfizer's BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among healthcare workers in Japan: A prospective observational study

Introduction Inadequate vaccine response is a common concern among healthcare workers at the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate if healthcare workers with history of weak immune response to HBV vaccination are more likely to have weak responses against the BioNTech/Pfizer&#...

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Published in:PLoS ONE 2022, Vol.17 (5), p.e0268529
Main Authors: Iwamoto, Momoko, Ukimura, Akira, Ogawa, Taku, Kawanishi, Fumiko, Osaka, Naofumi, Kubota, Mari, Mori, Tatsuhiko, Sawamura, Ritsuko, Nishihara, Masami, Suzuki, Tomio, Uchiyama, Kazuhisa
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Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Antibodies
Complications and side effects
Health aspects
Hepatitis B virus
Immune response
Messenger RNA
Patient outcomes
Prevention
Vaccination
Viral antibodies
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container_issue 5
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container_title PLoS ONE
container_volume 17
creator Iwamoto, Momoko
Ukimura, Akira
Ogawa, Taku
Kawanishi, Fumiko
Osaka, Naofumi
Kubota, Mari
Mori, Tatsuhiko
Sawamura, Ritsuko
Nishihara, Masami
Suzuki, Tomio
Uchiyama, Kazuhisa
description Introduction Inadequate vaccine response is a common concern among healthcare workers at the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate if healthcare workers with history of weak immune response to HBV vaccination are more likely to have weak responses against the BioNTech/Pfizer's BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Methods We prospectively tested 954 healthcare workers for the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein antibody titers prior to the first and second BNT162b2 vaccination doses and after four weeks after the second dose using Roche's Elecsys.sup.® assay. We calculated the percentage of patients who seroconverted after the first and second doses. We estimated the relative risk of non-seroconversion after the first BNT162b2 vaccine (defined as anti-SARS-CoV-2-S titer
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0268529
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We aimed to investigate if healthcare workers with history of weak immune response to HBV vaccination are more likely to have weak responses against the BioNTech/Pfizer's BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Methods We prospectively tested 954 healthcare workers for the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein antibody titers prior to the first and second BNT162b2 vaccination doses and after four weeks after the second dose using Roche's Elecsys.sup.® assay. We calculated the percentage of patients who seroconverted after the first and second doses. We estimated the relative risk of non-seroconversion after the first BNT162b2 vaccine (defined as anti-SARS-CoV-2-S titer &lt;15 U/mL) among HBV vaccine non-responders (HBs-Ab titer &lt;10 mIU/mL) and weak responders ([greater than or equal to]10 and &lt;100 mIU/mL) compared to normal responders ([greater than or equal to]100 mIU/mL). Results Among 954 healthcare workers recruited between March 9 and March 24, 2021 at Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, weak and normal HBV vaccine responders had comparable S-protein titers after the first BNT162b2 dose (51.4 [95% confidence interval 25.2-137.0] versus 59.7 [29.8-138.0] U/mL, respectively). HBV vaccine non-responders were more likely than normal responders to not seroconvert after a single dose (age and sex-adjusted relative risk 1.85 95% confidence interval [1.10-3.13]) although nearly all participants seroconverted after the second dose. After limiting the analysis to 382 patients with baseline comorbidity data, the comorbidity-adjusted relative risk of non-seroconversion among HBV vaccine non-responders to normal responders was 1.32 (95% confidence interval [0.59-2.98]). Discussion Long term follow-up studies are needed to understand if protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 wanes faster among those with history of HBV vaccine non-response and when booster doses are warranted for these healthcare workers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268529</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Antibodies ; Complications and side effects ; Health aspects ; Hepatitis B virus ; Immune response ; Messenger RNA ; Patient outcomes ; Prevention ; Vaccination ; Viral antibodies</subject><ispartof>PLoS ONE, 2022, Vol.17 (5), p.e0268529</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>776,780,4476,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Iwamoto, Momoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ukimura, Akira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogawa, Taku</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawanishi, Fumiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Osaka, Naofumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kubota, Mari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mori, Tatsuhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sawamura, Ritsuko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nishihara, Masami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, Tomio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uchiyama, Kazuhisa</creatorcontrib><title>Association between history of HBV vaccine response and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody response to the BioNTech/Pfizer's BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among healthcare workers in Japan: A prospective observational study</title><title>PLoS ONE</title><description>Introduction Inadequate vaccine response is a common concern among healthcare workers at the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate if healthcare workers with history of weak immune response to HBV vaccination are more likely to have weak responses against the BioNTech/Pfizer's BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Methods We prospectively tested 954 healthcare workers for the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein antibody titers prior to the first and second BNT162b2 vaccination doses and after four weeks after the second dose using Roche's Elecsys.sup.® assay. We calculated the percentage of patients who seroconverted after the first and second doses. We estimated the relative risk of non-seroconversion after the first BNT162b2 vaccine (defined as anti-SARS-CoV-2-S titer &lt;15 U/mL) among HBV vaccine non-responders (HBs-Ab titer &lt;10 mIU/mL) and weak responders ([greater than or equal to]10 and &lt;100 mIU/mL) compared to normal responders ([greater than or equal to]100 mIU/mL). Results Among 954 healthcare workers recruited between March 9 and March 24, 2021 at Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, weak and normal HBV vaccine responders had comparable S-protein titers after the first BNT162b2 dose (51.4 [95% confidence interval 25.2-137.0] versus 59.7 [29.8-138.0] U/mL, respectively). HBV vaccine non-responders were more likely than normal responders to not seroconvert after a single dose (age and sex-adjusted relative risk 1.85 95% confidence interval [1.10-3.13]) although nearly all participants seroconverted after the second dose. After limiting the analysis to 382 patients with baseline comorbidity data, the comorbidity-adjusted relative risk of non-seroconversion among HBV vaccine non-responders to normal responders was 1.32 (95% confidence interval [0.59-2.98]). Discussion Long term follow-up studies are needed to understand if protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 wanes faster among those with history of HBV vaccine non-response and when booster doses are warranted for these healthcare workers.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Complications and side effects</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hepatitis B virus</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Messenger RNA</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Vaccination</subject><subject>Viral antibodies</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>report</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>report</recordtype><sourceid/><recordid>eNqVUE1rwkAQXUoLtR__oIe59ZSYbDCa3qK0SA9SVLyWzWZiVuNO2Fkt9sf2tzRIS72W4THD4817zAjxEEdhnAzj_ob2zqombMliGMl0NJDZhejFWSKDVEbJ5dl8LW6YN1E0SEZp2hNfOTNpo7whCwX6D0QLtWFP7ghUwXS8goPS2lgEh9wlMIKyZQdvgkU-XwQTWgUSuDVbPLEFlcc_rSfwNcLY0GyJuu6_VeYT3SPDeLaMU1lI2M1nOZw5_capHdk11KgaX2vlED7IbdExGAuvqlX2CXJoHXGL2psDAhWM7nA6RTXAfl8e78RVpRrG-59-K8KX5-VkGqxVg-_GVuSd0l2VuDO6e19lOj4fRkk2HMksS_698A2sRYIo</recordid><startdate>20220516</startdate><enddate>20220516</enddate><creator>Iwamoto, Momoko</creator><creator>Ukimura, Akira</creator><creator>Ogawa, Taku</creator><creator>Kawanishi, Fumiko</creator><creator>Osaka, Naofumi</creator><creator>Kubota, Mari</creator><creator>Mori, Tatsuhiko</creator><creator>Sawamura, Ritsuko</creator><creator>Nishihara, Masami</creator><creator>Suzuki, Tomio</creator><creator>Uchiyama, Kazuhisa</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><scope/></search><sort><creationdate>20220516</creationdate><title>Association between history of HBV vaccine response and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody response to the BioNTech/Pfizer's BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among healthcare workers in Japan: A prospective observational study</title><author>Iwamoto, Momoko ; Ukimura, Akira ; Ogawa, Taku ; Kawanishi, Fumiko ; Osaka, Naofumi ; Kubota, Mari ; Mori, Tatsuhiko ; Sawamura, Ritsuko ; Nishihara, Masami ; Suzuki, Tomio ; Uchiyama, Kazuhisa</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-gale_infotracacademiconefile_A7039782993</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>reports</rsrctype><prefilter>reports</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>Complications and side effects</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Hepatitis B virus</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Messenger RNA</topic><topic>Patient outcomes</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Vaccination</topic><topic>Viral antibodies</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Iwamoto, Momoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ukimura, Akira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogawa, Taku</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawanishi, Fumiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Osaka, Naofumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kubota, Mari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mori, Tatsuhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sawamura, Ritsuko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nishihara, Masami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, Tomio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uchiyama, Kazuhisa</creatorcontrib></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Iwamoto, Momoko</au><au>Ukimura, Akira</au><au>Ogawa, Taku</au><au>Kawanishi, Fumiko</au><au>Osaka, Naofumi</au><au>Kubota, Mari</au><au>Mori, Tatsuhiko</au><au>Sawamura, Ritsuko</au><au>Nishihara, Masami</au><au>Suzuki, Tomio</au><au>Uchiyama, Kazuhisa</au><format>book</format><genre>unknown</genre><ristype>RPRT</ristype><atitle>Association between history of HBV vaccine response and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody response to the BioNTech/Pfizer's BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among healthcare workers in Japan: A prospective observational study</atitle><jtitle>PLoS ONE</jtitle><date>2022-05-16</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0268529</spage><pages>e0268529-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Introduction Inadequate vaccine response is a common concern among healthcare workers at the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate if healthcare workers with history of weak immune response to HBV vaccination are more likely to have weak responses against the BioNTech/Pfizer's BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Methods We prospectively tested 954 healthcare workers for the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein antibody titers prior to the first and second BNT162b2 vaccination doses and after four weeks after the second dose using Roche's Elecsys.sup.® assay. We calculated the percentage of patients who seroconverted after the first and second doses. We estimated the relative risk of non-seroconversion after the first BNT162b2 vaccine (defined as anti-SARS-CoV-2-S titer &lt;15 U/mL) among HBV vaccine non-responders (HBs-Ab titer &lt;10 mIU/mL) and weak responders ([greater than or equal to]10 and &lt;100 mIU/mL) compared to normal responders ([greater than or equal to]100 mIU/mL). Results Among 954 healthcare workers recruited between March 9 and March 24, 2021 at Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, weak and normal HBV vaccine responders had comparable S-protein titers after the first BNT162b2 dose (51.4 [95% confidence interval 25.2-137.0] versus 59.7 [29.8-138.0] U/mL, respectively). HBV vaccine non-responders were more likely than normal responders to not seroconvert after a single dose (age and sex-adjusted relative risk 1.85 95% confidence interval [1.10-3.13]) although nearly all participants seroconverted after the second dose. After limiting the analysis to 382 patients with baseline comorbidity data, the comorbidity-adjusted relative risk of non-seroconversion among HBV vaccine non-responders to normal responders was 1.32 (95% confidence interval [0.59-2.98]). Discussion Long term follow-up studies are needed to understand if protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 wanes faster among those with history of HBV vaccine non-response and when booster doses are warranted for these healthcare workers.</abstract><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0268529</doi></addata></record>
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source PubMed (Medline); Publicly Available Content Database
subjects Analysis
Antibodies
Complications and side effects
Health aspects
Hepatitis B virus
Immune response
Messenger RNA
Patient outcomes
Prevention
Vaccination
Viral antibodies
title Association between history of HBV vaccine response and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody response to the BioNTech/Pfizer's BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among healthcare workers in Japan: A prospective observational study
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