Multiplication of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolated from cocoa cultivated soils/MULTIPLICACION MASIVA DE HONGOS MICORRICICOS ARBUSCULARES DE SUELOS CULTIVADOS CON CACAO

• Published in: Bioagro 2022-09, Vol.34 (3), p.265
• Main Authors: Vallejos-Torres, Geomar, Tenorio-Cercado, Miguel A, Gaona-Jimenez, Nery, Corazon-Guivin, Mike A, Luna, Javier Ormeno, Paredes, Christopher I, Saavedra, Jorge, Tuesta, Juan C, Tuesta, Oscar A, Alguacil, M.M, Becerra, Alejandra G, Marin, Cesar
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• ISSN: 1316-3361

The multiplication of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) spores is a limitation for agricultural applications as biofertilizers. In the present study, a massive multiplication of AMF from cocoa farms (Theobroma cacao L.) in the San Martin region, Peru, was carried out to optimize their handling and spore production under controlled environmental conditions. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in a completely randomized design, considering three sources of AMF inoculum obtained in the provinces of Mariscal Caceres, Lamas and Rioja, in two periods (110 and 220 days) and two host crops (maize and rice). This material was mixed with one volume of sand and three volumes of agricultural soil, which were placed in crates. At the end of the periods, the population of spores, mycorrhizal colonization, height of the host plant, and the dry weight of the aerial part and root were evaluated. Rice acts as a suitable host and multiplies a greater number of AMF spores. The treatment based on the mycorrhizal inoculum from Mariscal Caceres multiplied with rice plants at 220 days, presented the highest population of spores. Therefore, it could be used as a methodology for massive propagation of AMF due to its great reproduction capacity. Additional keywords: AMF genera, inoculum, massive multiplication, Oryza sativa, Zea Mays La multiplicacion de esporas de hongos micorrizicos arbusculares (HMA) es una limitante para las aplicaciones agricolas como biofertilizantes. En el presente estudio se realizo la multiplicacion masiva de HMA procedentes de fincas de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en la region de San Martin, Peru, para optimizar su manejo y produccion de esporas en condiciones ambientales controladas. Se diseno un experimento en condiciones de invernadero, con un diseno completamente al azar, considerando tres fuentes de inoculo de HMA obtenidas en las provincias de Mariscal Caceres, Lamas y Rioja, en dos periodos de tiempo (110 y 220 dias) y dos cultivos hospedantes (maiz y arroz). Este material fue mezclado con un volumen de arena y tres de tierra agricola, que fueron colocadas en cajones; transcurrido el periodo de tiempo se evaluo la poblacion de esporas, colonizacion micorricica, altura de la planta hospedante y peso seco de la parte aerea y de la raiz. La multiplicacion de HMA a los 220 dias, procedente de Mariscal Caceres usando arroz como planta hospedante, demostro ser la mas adecuada para la multiplicacion de los HMA. El arroz actuo como un h