Management of acid-base equilibrium in patients with septic shock/ Gerenciamento do equilibrio acido-basico no paciente em choque septico

The acid-base equilibrium is essential for the maintenance of human life. It ensures optimal conditions for cell function, regulating the right amount of hydrogen ions in the blood. In an intensive care unit there are many diseases that alter blood pH, for example, the sepsis. During its evolution,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Specialized Nursing Care 2011-01, Vol.4 (1)
Main Authors: Manhaes, Aline Mesquita Pinto, da Cruz, Isabel C.F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid-base equilibrium
Analysis
Care and treatment
Intensive care nursing
Ischemia
Methods
Physiological aspects
Practice
Septic shock
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:The acid-base equilibrium is essential for the maintenance of human life. It ensures optimal conditions for cell function, regulating the right amount of hydrogen ions in the blood. In an intensive care unit there are many diseases that alter blood pH, for example, the sepsis. During its evolution, disseminated intravascular coagulation occurs which impairs the body perfusion, resulting in a distributive shock and a potential ischemia of the organs. The arrival of oxygen deficiency in cells stimulates anaerobic metabolism, causing excessive lactate and severely decreasing the blood pH. Given the grand important of the problem, This article aims to identify nursing research, using the strategy PICO, determining the best available evidence for management of acid-base equilibrium inpatients with septic shock. This is a literature review through computerized search over the months between April and November 2010. As the most important activities of nursing were shown the control of diuresis, water balance and blood gases analysis. At the end of the study it was concluded that early identification of shock, control of infectious focus, maintenance of tissue perfusion and maintenance of acid-base equilibrium of the septic patient, prevent the development of multiple organ dysfunction, resulting in decreased of mortality. Key-words: sepsis; acid-base equilibrium; acidosis lactic; blood gas analysis; intensive care. O equilibrio acido-basico e essencial para a manutencao da vida humana. Ele assegura as condicoes ideais para o funcionamento celular, regulando a quantidade correta de ions de hidrogenio no sangue. Em uma unidade de terapia intensiva existem muitas doencas que alteram o pH sanguineo, por exemplo, a sepse. Durante a sua evolucao, ocorre a coagulacao intravascular disseminada que prejudica a perfusao corporea, acarretando um choque distributivo e uma potencial isquemia dos orgaos. A deficiencia da chegada de oxigenio nas celulas estimula o metabolismo anaerobico, gerando excesso de lactato e diminuindo gravemente o pH sanguineo. Diante da grande importancia do problema, este artigo tem como objetivo identificar a producao cientifica de enfermagem, utilizando a estrategia PICO, determinando a melhor evidencia disponivel para o gerenciamento do equilibrio acido-basico no paciente em choque septico. Trata-se de uma revisao bibliografica realizada atraves de busca computadorizada ao longo dos meses compreendidos entre abril e novembro de 2010. Como atividad
ISSN:1983-4152
1983-4152