Parkin cooperates with GDNF/RET signaling to prevent dopaminergic neuron degeneration

Parkin and the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor RET have both been independently linked to the dopaminergic neuron degeneration that underlies Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, we demonstrate that there is genetic crosstalk between parkin and the recepto...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of clinical investigation 2015-05, p.1873
Main Authors: Meka, Durga Praveen, Muller-Rischart, Anne Kathrin, Nidadavolu, Prakash, Mohammadi, Behnam, Motori, Elisa, Ponna, Srinivas Kumar, Aboutalebi, Helia, Bassal, Mahmoud, Annamneedi, Anil, Finckh, Barbara, Miesbauer, Margit, Rotermund, Natalie, Lohr, Christian, Tatzelt, Jorg, Winklhofer, Konstanze F, Kramer, Edgar R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Comparative analysis
Development and progression
Neurons
Neurotrophic functions
Parkinson's disease
Physiological aspects
Protein kinases
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Summary:Parkin and the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor RET have both been independently linked to the dopaminergic neuron degeneration that underlies Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, we demonstrate that there is genetic crosstalk between parkin and the receptor tyrosine kinase RET in two different mouse models of PD. Mice lacking both parkin and RET exhibited accelerated dopaminergic cell and axonal loss compared with parkin-deficient animals, which showed none, and RET-deficient mice, in which we found moderate degeneration. Transgenic expression of parkin protected the dopaminergic systems of aged RET-deficient mice. Downregulation of either parkin or RET in neuronal cells impaired mitochondrial function and morphology. Parkin expression restored mitochondrial function in GDNF/RET-deficient cells, while GDNF stimulation rescued mitochondrial defects in parkin-deficient cells. In both cases, improved mitochondrial function was the result of activation of the prosurvival NF-κB pathway, which was mediated by RET through the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. Taken together, these observations indicate that parkin and the RET signaling cascade converge to control mitochondrial integrity and thereby properly maintain substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic neurons and their innervation in the striatum. The demonstration of crosstalk between parkin and RET highlights the interplay in the protein network that is altered in PD and suggests potential therapeutic targets and strategies to treat PD.
ISSN:0021-9738
1558-8238
DOI:10.1172/JCI79300.