Growth and yield of cowpea/sunflower crop rotation under different irrigation management strategies with saline water/Crescimento e produtividade da rotacao feijao-de-corda/girassol sob diferentes estrategias de manejo de irrigacao com agua salina

• Published in: Ciência rural 2015-05, Vol.45 (5), p.814
• Main Authors: Neves, Antonia Leila Rocha, de Lacerda, Claudivan Feitosa, de Sousa, Carlos Henrique Carvalho, da Silva, Francisco Leandro Barbosa, Gheyi, Hans Raj, Ferreira, Francisco Jardelson, Filho, Francisco Luciano Andrade
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• ISSN: 0103-8478
• DOI: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20131657

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of management strategies of irrigation with saline water on growth and yield of cowpea and sunflower in a crop rotation. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with thirteen treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of: T1 (control), T2, T3 and T4 using water of 0.5 (Al), 2.2 (A2), 3.6 (A3) and 5.0 (A4) dS [m.sup.-1], respectively, during the entire crop cycle; T5, T6 and T7, use of A2, A3 and A4 water, respectively, only in the flowering and fructification stage of the crop cycle; using different water in a cyclic way, six irrigations with Al followed by six irrigations with A2 (T8), A3 (T9) and A4, (T10), respectively; T11, T12 and T13, using water A2, A3 andA4, respectively, starting at 11 days after planting (DAP) and continuing until the end of the crop cycle. These treatments were employed in the first crop (cowpea), during the dry season, and the same plots were used for the cultivation of sunflower as succeeding crop during rainy season. The strategies of use of saline water in the salt tolerant growth stage (treatments T5, T6 and T7) or cyclically (treatments T8, T9 and T10) reduced the amount of good quality water used in the production of cowpea by 34 and 47%, respectively, without negative impacts on crop yield, and did not show the residual effects of salinity on sunflower as a succeeding crop. Thus, these strategies appear promising to be employed in areas with water salinity problems in the semiarid region of Brazil. Key words: salt stress, Vigna unguiculata, Helianthus annuus. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de estrategias de manejo de irrigacao com agua salina no crescimento e producao de feijao-caupi e do girassol em um sistema de rotacao de culturas. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso com treze tratamentos e cinco repeticOes. Os tratamentos consistiram de: T1 (controle), T2, T3 e T4, utilizando agua de 0,5 (A1), 2,2 (A2), 3,6 (A3) e 5,0 (A4) dS [m.sup.-1], respectivamente, ao longo de todo o ciclo da cultura; T5, T6 e T7, utilizando aguas salinas A2, A3 e A4, respectivamente, apenas na fase de floracao e frutificacao; uso de diferentes fontes de agua de forma ciclica, com seis irrigacOes com A1 seguido por seis irrigacOes com A2 (T8), A3 (T9) e A4 (T10), respectivamente; T11, T12 e T13, usando agua A2, A3 e A4, respectivamente, a partir de 11 dias apos o plantio (DAP) e continuando ate ao final do ciclo da cultura. Estes tratamentos foram empr