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Yield and growth characteristics of sunflower sown from August to February in Santa Maria, RS/ Caracteristicas produtivas e de crescimento do girassol semeado de agosto a fevereiro em Santa Maria, RS

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an oilseed crop that can be grown in different regions and sowing dates, but not all regions and sowing dates are appropriate for the crop development. The aim of this study was to determine yield and growth characteristics of sunflower on seven sowing dates, in S...

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Published in:Revista brasileira de engenharia agrícola e ambiental 2014-09, Vol.18 (9), p.908
Main Authors: Heldwein, Arno B, Loose, Luis H, Lucas, Dioneia D.P, Hinnah, Fernando D, Bortoluzzi, Mateus P, Maldaner, Ivan C
Format: Article
Language:Spanish
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Summary:Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an oilseed crop that can be grown in different regions and sowing dates, but not all regions and sowing dates are appropriate for the crop development. The aim of this study was to determine yield and growth characteristics of sunflower on seven sowing dates, in Santa Maria, from 2007 to 2012. Five experiments were carried out in a completely randomized factorial design with four replications. The factor "A" was monthly sowing dates from the beginning of August to February and the factor "D" was two sunflower hybrids. Capitulum diameter, maximum leaf area index, maximum height of plants, weight of thousand achenes and yield were determined. In normal or La Nina years the highest yield is reached in September sowing dates, while in El Nino years, the crop growth and yield in early sowings are affected negatively, due to heavy rainfall, soil water excess and plant diseases. Key words: Helianthus annuus L. sowing dates meteorological conditions O girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) e uma cultura oleaginosa que pode ser cultivada em diferentes regioes e epocas de semeadura, porem nem todas as regioes e epocas de semeadura sao apropriadas para o desenvolvimento da cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as caracteristicas de crescimento e produtividade do girassol em sete datas de semeadura, em Santa Maria, de 2007 ate 2012. Cinco experimentos foram conduzidos em um delineamento fatorial inteiramente casualizado com quatro repeticoes. O fator "A" foram datas de semeadura mensais do inicio de agosto ate fevereiro e o fator "D" foram dois hibridos de girassol. Diametro de capitulo, indice de area foliar maximo, altura maxima de plantas, massa de mil aquenios, e produtividade foram determinados. Em anos normais ou de La Nina a maior produtividade e obtida nas semeaduras de setembro, enquanto que em anos de El Nino, o crescimento e a produtividade da cultura em semeaduras precoces sao afetadas negativamente, devido a elevada precipitacao pluvial, excesso hidrico no solo e doencas. Palavras-chave: Helianthus annuus L. epocas de semeadura condicoes meteorologicas
ISSN:1415-4366
DOI:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v18n09p908-913