Febrile urinary tract infection after pediatric kidney transplantation: a multicenter, prospective observational study

• Published in: Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West) West), 2016-06, Vol.31 (6), p.1021-1028
• Main Authors: Weigel, Friederike, Lemke, Anja, Tönshoff, Burkhard, Pape, Lars, Fehrenbach, Henry, Henn, Michael, Hoppe, Bernd, Jungraithmayr, Therese, Konrad, Martin, Laube, Guido, Pohl, Martin, Seeman, Tomáš, Staude, Hagen, Kemper, Markus J., John, Ulrike
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Antibiotics; Bacterial infections; Care and treatment; Child; Child, Preschool; Children & youth; Complications and side effects; Congenital diseases; Delayed Graft Function - epidemiology; Delayed Graft Function - etiology; Europe - epidemiology; Female; Fever; Fever - epidemiology; Fever - etiology; Graft Rejection - epidemiology; Graft Rejection - etiology; Health aspects; Hospitals; Humans; Incidence; Intubation; Kidney diseases; Kidney Diseases - surgery; Kidney transplantation; Kidney Transplantation - adverse effects; Kidney transplants; Leukocytes; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Nephrology; Observational studies; Original Article; Pediatrics; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Treatment Outcome; Urinary tract diseases; Urinary tract infections; Urinary Tract Infections - complications; Urinary Tract Infections - epidemiology; Urinary Tract Infections - etiology; Urogenital system; Urology
• ISSN: 0931-041X; 1432-198X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00467-015-3292-2

Background Febrile urinary tract infections (fUTIs) are common after kidney transplantation (KTx); however, prospective data in a multicenter pediatric cohort are lacking. We designed a prospective registry to record data on fUTI before and after pediatric KTx. Methods Ninety-eight children (58 boys and 40 girls) ≤ 18 years from 14 mid-European centers received a kidney transplant and completed a 2-year follow-up. Results Posttransplant, 38.7 % of patients had at least one fUTI compared with 21.4 % before KTx ( p  = 0.002). Before KTx, fUTI was more frequent in patients with congenital anomalies of kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) vs. patients without (38 % vs. 12 %; p  = 0.005). After KTx, fUTI were equally frequent in both groups (48.7 % vs. 32.2 %; p  = 0.14). First fUTI posttransplant occurred earlier in boys compared with girls: median range 4 vs. 13.5 years ( p  = 0.002). Graft function worsened ( p