Physical and chemical changes in soil fertilized with poultry manure with and without chiseling/Alteracoes fisicas e quimicas em solo fertilizado com esterco de galinha em diferentes manejos

• Published in: Revista brasileira de engenharia agrícola e ambiental 2016-04, Vol.20 (4), p.316
• Main Authors: Eguchi, Edson S, Cecato, Ulysses, Muniz, Antonio S, Mari, Gracielle C, Murano, Raphael A.C, Neto, Eurico L. de Sousa
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• ISSN: 1415-4366
• DOI: 10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n4p316-321

Poultry manure and mechanical management may influence the distribution of nutrients in the soil profile. The objective was to evaluate physical and chemical changes in a soil with palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) fertilized with doses of poultry manure with and without use of soil chiseling, after 180 days of application. The design was a randomized blocks with four replicates, in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement with five doses of manure (0, 1.073, 2.074, 4.148 and 6.222 Mg [ha.sup.-1]), with and without soil chiseling at 0.20 m. Soil chiseling caused physical changes with an increase of macroporosity in the layer of 0-0.2 m and reduction in soil density and increase in macroporosity and total porosity in the layer of 0.2-0.4 m. With manure doses, pH in the layer of 0-0.1 m showed quadratic fit with maximum value of 7.2. The increases in Ca and Zn in the layer of 0-0.1 m were, respectively, 0.61 [cmol.sub.c] [dm.sup.-3] and 2.99 mg [dm.sup.-3]. In the interaction of Dose x Management, without soil chiseling, K showed a linear fit and increased 1.39 times; while in the interaction of Dose x Management, with soil chiseling in the layers of 0.1-0.2 and 0.2-0.4 m, P increased by 8.10 and 3.95 mg [dm.sup.-3], respectively. In the contrast between the dose zero and manure dose, there was significance for pH, Ca, P and Zn in the layer of 0-0.1 m. Key words: palisade grass fertilization forage cultivation residue O esterco de galinha e o manejo mecanico podem influenciar na distribuicao de nutrientes no perfil do solo. O objetivo foi avaliar as alteracoes fisicas e quimicas no solo com capim Marandu fertilizado com doses de esterco de galinha sem e com uso de escarificador, apos 180 dias de aplicacao. O delineamento foi em blocos ao acaso com quatro repeticoes num arranjo fatorial 5 x 2, com cinco doses de esterco (0, 1,037; 2,074; 4,148; 6,222 Mg ha-1) sem e com escarificacao a 0,20 m. A escarificacao favoreceu alteracoes fisicas com aumento de macroporosidade na camada 0-0,2 m e reducao de densidade do solo e aumento de macroporosidade e porosidade total na camada 0,2-0,4 m. Com doses de esterco o pH na camada 0-0,1 m teve ajuste quadratico com valor maximo de 7,2. O aumento nos teores de Ca e Zn na camada 0-0,1 m foi, respectivamente, de 0,61 [cmol.sub.c] [dm.sup.-3] e de 2,99 mg [dm.sup.-3]. Na interacao dose x manejo sem escarificacao do solo o K teve ajuste linear com aumento de 1,39 vezes enquanto na interacao entre dose x manejo com escarif