Postpartum depression in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis/Depression postpartum en Inde: revue systematique et meta-analyse/Depresion posparto en India: una revision sistematica y un meta-analisis

• Published in: Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2017-10, Vol.95 (10), p.706
• Main Authors: Upadhyay, Ravi Prakash, Chowdhury, Ranadip, Salehi, Aslyeh, Sarkar, Kaushik, Singh, Sunil Kumar, Sinha, Bireshwar, Pawar, Aditya, Rajalakshmi, Aarya Krishnan, Kumar, Amardeep
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Medical research; Mental health services; Mentally ill persons; Postpartum depression
• ISSN: 0042-9686; 1564-0604
• DOI: 10.2471/BLT.17.192237

Objective To provide an estimate of the burden of postpartum depression in Indian mothers and investigate some riskfactorsfor the condition. Methods We searched PubMed[R], Google Scholar and Embase[R] databases for articles published from year 2000 up to 31 March 2016 on the prevalence of postpartum depression in Indian mothers. The search used subject headings and keywords with no language restrictions. Quality was assessed via the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. We performed the meta-analysis using a random effects model. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression was done for heterogeneity and the Egger test was used to assess publication bias. Findings Thirty-eight studies involving 20043 women were analysed. Studies had a high degree of heterogeneity ([I.sup.2]=96.8%) and there was evidence of publication bias (Egger bias = 2.58; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.83-4.33). The overall pooled estimate of the prevalence of postpartum depression was 22% (95% CI: 19-25). The pooled prevalence was 19% (95% CI: 17-22) when excluding 8 studies reporting postpartum depression within 2 weeks of delivery. Small, but non-significant differences in pooled prevalence were found by mother's age, geographical location and study setting. Reported risk factors for postpartum depression included financial difficulties, presence of domestic violence, past history of psychiatric illness in mother, marital conflict, lack of support from husband and birth of a female baby. Conclusion The review shows a high prevalence of postpartum depression in Indian mothers. More resources need to be allocated for capacity-building in maternal mental health care in India. Objectif Fournir une estimation de la charge de la depression postpartum chez les meres indiennes et etudier certains facteurs de risque lies a cette maladie. Methodes Nous avons recherche dans les bases de donnees PubMed[R], Google Scholar et Embase[R] des articles, publies entre l'annee 2000 et le 31 mars 2016, sur la prevalence de la depression post-partum chez les meres indiennes. Nous avons articule nos recherches autour de vedettes-matiere et de mots-cles, sans restrictions de langues. La qualite a ete evaluee au moyen de l'echelle d'evaluation de la qualite Newcastle-Ottawa. Nous avons realise la meta-analyse a l'aide d'un modele a effets aleatoires. Une analyse par sous-groupes et une meta-regression ont ete effectuees a l'egard de l'heterogeneite et le test Egger a ete utilise pour evaluer le biais de publi