Time Perception and Psychiatric Disorders/Zaman Algisi ve Psikiyatrik Bozukluklar

• Published in: Psikiyatride güncel yaklaşimlar 2013-06, Vol.5 (3), p.355
• Main Authors: Bahadirli, Nil Banu, Tutug, Can, Ceviz, Hatice, Caliyurt, Okan
• Format: Article
• Language: Turkish
• Subjects: Analysis; Antipsychotic agents; Anxiety; Schizophrenia; Time perception
• ISSN: 1309-0658
• DOI: 10.5455/cap.20130524

Time perception is an ability which we use in every moment of daily life, that guides the formation and continuation of our behaviors and from an evolutionary perspective ensures survival. Internal clock models help us to understand time perception. Time perception is known to vary between individuals and particular situations. This variability is explained with the mechanisms which is associated with the processes related to attention, the speed of the internal clock and the memory unit. It is suggested that time perception is mainly associated with the activities of dopamine and acetylcholine. Some dopaminergic psychoactive substances like cocaine and amphetamine have all been shown to change time perception by increasing the speed of internal clock while on the other hand some antipsychotic drugs make an opposite change in time perception by descreasing the speed of the clock. Similarly, time perception is affected in some psychiatric disorders and an ethiopathological relationship between time perception disturbances and psychiatric disorders is suggested. In this article time perception changes in schizophrenia, attention deficit/hyperactivity syndrome, depression, anxiety disorders and personality disorders are briefly reviewed. Keywords: Time perception, psychiatric disorders, depression. Zamani algilama becerisi, gunluk yasamimizin her alaninda kullandigimiz, davranislarimizin olusmasinda ve surmesinde bize rehberlik eden, evrimsel acidan bakilacak olursa hayatta kalmamizi saglayan yeteneklerden birisidir. Zaman algisini anlamamizda, icsel saat modelleri yardimci olmaktadir. Zaman algisinin kisiler ve belirli durumlar arasinda degiskenlik gosterdigi bilinmektedir. Bu degiskenlik dikkat ile ilgili surecler, icsel saatin hizi ve bellek birimi ile ilgili mekanizmalarla aciklanmaktadir. Zaman algisinin on planda dopamin ve asetilkolin aktivitesi ile iliskili oldugu one surulmustur. Kokain ve amfetamin gibi dopamin agonisti olan psikoaktif maddelerin icsel saat hizini arttirarak zaman algisinda degisime sebep oldugu gosterilmis olup, diger taraftan bazi antipsikotikler icsel saat hizini yavaslatarak zaman algisinda tersi yonde bir degisime sebep olmaktadirlar. Benzer sekilde bazi psikiyatrik bozukluklarda zaman algisi etkilenmektedir. Zaman algisindaki sapma ile psikiyatrik bozuklar arasinda etiyopatolojik bir iliski bulunabilecegi one surulmustur. Bu yazida; sizofreni, dikkat eksikligi ve hiperaktivite bozuklugu, depresyon, anksiyete bozukluklari ve ki