Recognition of Face and Emotional Facial Expressions in Autism/Otizmde Yuz ve Duygusal Yuz Ifadelerini Tanima

• Published in: Psikiyatride güncel yaklaşimlar 2013-01, Vol.5 (1), p.15
• Main Authors: Kadak, Muhammed Tayyip, Demir, Turkay, Dogangun, Burak
• Format: Article
• Language: Turkish
• Subjects: Adolescence; Autism; Biometry; Interpersonal relations; Social aspects
• ISSN: 1309-0658
• DOI: 10.5455/cap.20130502

Autism is a genetically transferred neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe and permanent deficits in many interpersonal relation areas like communication, social interaction and emotional responsiveness. Patients with autism have deficits in face recognition, eye contact and recognition of emotional expression. Both recognition of face and expression of facial emotion carried on face processing. Structural and functional impairment in fusiform gyrus, amygdala, superior temporal sulcus and other brain regions lead to deficits in recognition of face and facial emotion. Therefore studies suggest that face processing deficits resulted in problems in areas of social interaction and emotion in autism. Studies revealed that children with autism had problems in recognition of facial expression and used mouth region more than eye region. It was also shown that autistic patients interpreted ambiguous expressions as negative emotion. In autism, deficits related in various stages of face processing like detection of gaze, face identity, recognition of emotional expression were determined, so far. Social interaction impairments in autistic spectrum disorders originated from face processing deficits during the periods of infancy, childhood and adolescence. Recognition of face and expression of facial emotion could be affected either automatically by orienting towards faces after birth, or by "learning" processes in developmental periods such as identity and emotion processing. This article aimed to review neurobiological basis of face processing and recognition of emotional facial expressions during normal development and in autism. Keywords: Autism, face recognition, emotional face expressions, face processing Otizm, sosyal etkilesim, iletisim ve duygusal karsiliklilik gibi kisilerarasi iliskileri iceren bircok alanda ciddi ve suregen bozukluklarin goruldugu, genetik temelli norogelisimsel bir bozukluktur. Otistik bireylerde yuz tanima, goz goze iliski kurma, yuzdeki duygulari okuma ve kisilerarasi iliskilerde kusurlar mevcuttur. Yuz tanima islemi sirasinda yalnizca yuz tanima islevi yerine getirilmez, ayrica yuzdeki duygusal ifadeyi tanima da gerceklestirilir. Otizmde fusiform girus, amigdala, ust temporal sulkus ve diger beyin bolgelerindeki yapisal ve islevsel sorunlarin yuz tanima ve yuzlerden duygulari tanima gibi becerilerde bozukluklara yol acarak sosyal etkilesim ve duygusal kusurlara neden oldugu belirtilmektedir. Calismalarda otistik bireylerin g