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Assessment of the biological effects of exposure to toxicants among workers at a metallurgical company in Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil/ Avaliacao dos efeitos biologicos da exposicao a toxicantes em trabalhadores de uma metalurgica de Caxias do Sul, RS

Background: Metallurgical workers are a high-risk population as a function of their occupational exposure to toxicants, such as heavy metals, aromatic hydrocarbons and silicate. Objective: To investigate the occurrence of biological effects among workers exposed to toxicants in various areas of a me...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Revista brasileira de medicina do trabalho 2018-07, Vol.16 (2), p.175
Main Authors: Macedo, Viviane Sesti, Bazzo, Karen Olivia, Crippa, Liziane Bertotti
Format: Article
Language:English
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Background: Metallurgical workers are a high-risk population as a function of their occupational exposure to toxicants, such as heavy metals, aromatic hydrocarbons and silicate. Objective: To investigate the occurrence of biological effects among workers exposed to toxicants in various areas of a metallurgical company in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 31 workers from 10 areas who responded a questionnaire on occupational and lifestyle habits. Blood and toxicology tests were compared to the questionnaire results. Results: About 19.4% (n=6) of the sample did not use all the required personal protective equipment (PPE). Reduction of red blood cell parameters and leukocyte abnormalities were found, including leukocytosis, neutrophilia and eosinophilia, as well as in the blood lead levels. The following significant associations were found on analysis per work area: smoking and neutrophilia (p=0.000); work in the mold section and leukocytosis (p=0.023) and eosinophilia (p=0.007); and more than 10 years of work and leukocytosis (p=0.008). Conclusions: The data suggest that length of work, type of exposure and use of PPE might cause changes in the results of laboratory tests. Keywords | occupational exposure; laboratory research; personal protective equipment; metallurgy. Introducao: Metalurgicos compoem uma populacao de risco pela sua exposicao ocupacional a toxicantes, como metais pesados, gases, hidrocarbonetos aromaticos e silicato. Objetivo: Avaliar a existencia de efeitos biologicos em trabalhadores expostos a toxicantes de varios setores de uma metalurgica de Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. Metodo: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 31 trabalhadores de 10 setores em que foi aplicado um questionario sobre habitos ocupacionais e de vida. Exames hematologicos e toxicologicos foram comparados com os resultados do questionario. Resultados: 19,4% (n=6) dos trabalhadores nao usaram todos os equipamentos de protecao individual (EPIs). Foi possivel observar diminuicao dos parametros do eritrograma e alteracoes na serie branca, como leucocitose, neutrofilia e eosinofilia, e no chumbo serico. Evidenciaram-se valores diminuidos na serie vermelha e leucocitose dos trabalhadores que nao faziam uso adequado dos EPIs. Quando avaliado o setor de trabalho, pode-se evidenciar as seguintes associacoes significativas: fumantes e neutrofilia (p=0,000); setor da moldagem e leucocitose (p=0,023) e eosinofilia (p=0,007); mais de
ISSN:1679-4435
DOI:10.5327/Z1679443520180114