Synthesis and properties of rigid polyurethane foams synthesized from modified urea-formaldehyde resin

•Reaction-type ethylene glycol modified urea resin (EUF) was synthesized.•EUF can improve the flame retardation of rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs).•EUF can improve the smoke suppression performance of RPUFs.•The extent of combustion and the smoke toxicity of RPUFs are decreased. In this study, ethy...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Construction & building materials 2019-03, Vol.202, p.718-726
Main Authors: Zhu, Heng, Xu, Shi-ai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Calorimetry
Ethylene glycols
Fire behavior
Flame retardant
Flame retardants
Formaldehyde
Glycols (Class of compounds)
Infrared spectroscopy
Polyurethanes
Rigid polyurethane foam
Spectroscopy
Urea
Urea formaldehyde resin
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:•Reaction-type ethylene glycol modified urea resin (EUF) was synthesized.•EUF can improve the flame retardation of rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs).•EUF can improve the smoke suppression performance of RPUFs.•The extent of combustion and the smoke toxicity of RPUFs are decreased. In this study, ethylene glycol modified urea formaldehyde resin (EUF) was synthesized from urea, paraformaldehyde and ethylene glycol, and then incorporated into rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) as a reactive-type liquid flame retardant. The structure of EUF was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the thermal degradation properties and fire behaviors of RPUFs were characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimetry test and thermogravimetry analysis. The results show that the incorporation of EUF results in an increase in the thermal stability and LOI of RPUFs. As the EUF loading increases, the peak heat release rate, total smoke release and CO/CO2 weight ratio of RPUFs decrease significantly. This is because EUF can release non-flammable gases during the initial degradation of polyurethane foams and promote the formation of the compact char layer, which can serve as an effective shield against heat, oxygen and combustible volatiles during the combustion. However, EUF shows negative effect on the cell morphology and mechanical properties of RPUFs. In conclusion, EUF has excellent performance in flame retardancy and smoke suppression for RPUFs.
ISSN:0950-0618
1879-0526
DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.035