Saline water on the leaf mineral composition of noni under organic fertilization/Agua salina na composicao mineral foliar de noni sob adubacao organica

• Published in: Revista brasileira de engenharia agrícola e ambiental 2019-09, Vol.23 (9), p.687
• Main Authors: de Souza, Maria C.M.R, Menezes, Ademir S, Costa, Rafael S. da, de Lacerda, Claudivan F, Amorim, Aiala V, Ximenes, Antonia I.S
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Subjects: Agricultural chemicals; Fertilizers; Nutrition; Organic fertilizers; Physiological aspects; Plants (Organisms); Salinity; Water
• ISSN: 1415-4366
• DOI: 10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n9p687-693

Salinity is one of the main agricultural problems faced, and may negatively influence plant development. However, studies have shown that in protected environments and under the application of organic fertilizers, deleterious effects are mitigated. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity on mineral nutrition in noni plants grown in two environments and bovine manure application. The statistical design was a randomized block design arranged in split-split plot scheme, with five repetitions. The plots consisted of the cultivation environments (greenhouse and open field), the subplots formed by salinity levels of irrigation water (ECw: 0.3, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS [m.sup.-1]), and the subsubplots were represented by the absence and presence of organic matter, with experimental unit consisting of three pots totaling 300 pots. The nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium and chloride concentrations were determined in plant leaves. It was verified that the foliar concentrations of [Ca.sup.2+], [Mg.sup.2+], [Na.sup.+] and [Cl.sup.-] and the ratio Na/K was increased with increasing salinity of the irrigation water, being the largest increments observed in the open field. Organic matter is not much relevant in attenuating the deleterious effects of irrigation water on the concentration of leaf nutrient in noni plants. The maintenance of lower values of Na/K ratio in the treatment with organic matter is a positive factor that can attenuate the effects of salt stress on cell metabolism. Key words: Morinda citrifolia, bovine manure, salt stress, mineral nutrition A salinidade e um dos principais problemas agricolas enfrentados, podendo influenciar negativamente o desenvolvimento vegetal. Porem, estudos tem demonstrado que em ambientes protegidos e sob aplicacao de adubos organicos, os efeitos deleterios sao amenizados. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da salinidade da agua de irrigacao sobre a nutricao mineral em plantas de noni, cultivadas em dois ambientes sob adubacao com esterco bovino. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, disposto no esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas com cinco repeticoes. As parcelas foram constituidas pelos ambientes de cultivo (ceu aberto e telado), as subparcelas pelas salinidades da agua de irrigacao (0,3; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 dS [m.sup.-1]) e as subsubparcelas pela ausencia e presenca de materia organica, com a unidade experimental consistind