Movement disorder in a patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on an anti-retroviral therapy: A Case Report

Human Immunodeficiency Virus associated neurocognitive dysfunction can present as a case of movement disorder in a patient with prolonged antiretroviral therapy. Diagnosis was made after ruling out space occupying lesions, nutritional deficiencies and infectious causes through brain imaging and cere...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 2020-04, Vol.70 (4), p.734
Main Authors: Azmi, Maliha, Baber, Zaheer Uddin, Badlani, Sanjay, Dodani, Sunil Kumar, Nasim, Asma, Sheerani, Mughis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AIDS Dementia Complex - diagnostic imaging
AIDS Dementia Complex - drug therapy
AIDS Dementia Complex - physiopathology
Alkynes - therapeutic use
Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use
Antiretroviral agents
Benzoxazines - therapeutic use
Blood-Brain Barrier
Brain Stem - diagnostic imaging
Case studies
Causes of
Central nervous system
Cerebellar Ataxia - diagnostic imaging
Cerebellar Ataxia - physiopathology
Cerebellum - diagnostic imaging
Cyclopropanes - therapeutic use
Diseases
Drug Substitution
Drug therapy
Efavirenz
Female
Gait Ataxia - diagnostic imaging
Gait Ataxia - physiopathology
HIV
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV patients
Humans
Infection
Lamivudine - therapeutic use
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Mesencephalon - diagnostic imaging
Middle Aged
Movement disorders
Neurodegenerative Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Neurodegenerative Diseases - physiopathology
Nystagmus, Pathologic - diagnostic imaging
Nystagmus, Pathologic - physiopathology
Opportunistic infections
Panic Disorder - physiopathology
Pons - diagnostic imaging
Postural Balance - physiology
Psychological symptoms
Sensation Disorders - diagnostic imaging
Sensation Disorders - physiopathology
Surgery
Tenofovir - therapeutic use
Zidovudine - therapeutic use
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Summary:Human Immunodeficiency Virus associated neurocognitive dysfunction can present as a case of movement disorder in a patient with prolonged antiretroviral therapy. Diagnosis was made after ruling out space occupying lesions, nutritional deficiencies and infectious causes through brain imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. With multidisciplinary care and change of antiretroviral therapy to drugs with higher cerebrospinal fluid penetration, symptoms of the patient improved over a span of six months. Delayed neurological damage due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus can present with isolated cerebellar symptoms.
ISSN:0030-9982
DOI:10.5455/JPMA.298947