In Vitro Assessment of Kurdish Rice Genotypes in Response to PEG-Induced Drought Stress

Rice (Oryza satim L.) is productively affected by different environmental factors, including biotic and abiotic stress. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the genetic distinction among Kurdish rice genotypes using the simple sequence repeats (SSRs) molecular markers and to perform in v...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences 2020-07, Vol.10 (13)
Main Authors: Rahim, Didar, Kalousek, Petr, Tahir, Nawroz, Vyhnanek, Tomas, Tarkowski, Petr, Trojan, Vaclav, Abdulkhaleq, Dana, Ameen, Ahmad Hama, Havel, Ladislav
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Food and nutrition
Genetic aspects
Hardiness
Identification and classification
Kurds
Measurement
Physiological aspects
Plants
Polyethylene glycol
Rice
Stress (Physiology)
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Summary:Rice (Oryza satim L.) is productively affected by different environmental factors, including biotic and abiotic stress. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the genetic distinction among Kurdish rice genotypes using the simple sequence repeats (SSRs) molecular markers and to perform in vitro tests to characterize the drought tolerance of six local rice genotypes. The polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.38 to 0.84 with an average of 0.56. The genetic distance ranged from 0.33 to 0.88. Drought stress had a significant impact (p [less than or equal to] 0.05) on callus growth parameters. Enzymatic antioxidant systems were predicted and exhibited a significant variation. The findings revealed that proline levels increase in proportion to polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations. Kalar and Gwll Swr genotypes showed the worst performances in phenotypic and biochemical traits, while Choman and Shawre exhibited the best phenotypic and biochemical performances. A positive and substantial relationship between callus fresh weight (CFW) and callus dry weight (CDW) was found under stressful and optimized conditions. Callus induction (Cl) was positively and significantly associated with the catalase activity (CAT) in all stressed treatments. Based on the results for callus growth and the biochemical parameters under stress conditions, a remarkable genotype distinction, based on the tolerance reaction, was noted as follows: PEG resistant > susceptible, Choman > Shawre > White Bazyan > Red Bazyan > Gwll Swr > Kalar. The Cl and CAT characteristics were considered as reliable predictors of drought tolerance in rice genotypes. Keywords: rice; SSR markers; drought stress; callus growth; proline; antioxidant enzymes; inorganic elements
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/appl0134471