Pre-Treatment with Ketorolac Alongside Venous Occlusion Can Reduce the Pain of Propofol Injection; A Quasi-Experimental Study

• Published in: Pakistan Armed Forces medical journal 2022-04, Vol.72 (2), p.527-30
• Main Authors: Haider, Syed Zulfiqar, Khoso, Mujahid Ali, Ayaz, Saeed Bin, Abbas, Muhammed Ali, Rehman, Habib Ur, Iftikhar, Hina
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Care and treatment; Nalbuphine; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Pain; Pantoprazole; Phenols; Propofol
• ISSN: 0030-9648; 2411-8842
• DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v72i2.7094

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Ketorolac with and without venous occlusion to relieve pain associated with Propofol injection. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Anesthesiology Department, Combined Military Hospital Multan, from Jan 2020 to Mar 2021. Methodology: One hundred and twenty patients of age more than 16 years with ASA physical status 1 and 2, undergoing elective surgery at Combined Military Hospital Multan were selected. Patients were allocated into the groups to receive Saline with sham occlusion (group-A), 10 mg Ketorolac with sham occlusion (Group-B), or 10 mg Ketorolac with full venous occlusion for 120 seconds (Group-C). Before surgery, the patients were asked to rate any local discomfort on a scale of 0-3 ten seconds after receiving a Propofol injection. On the seventh post-operative day, all the patients were handed a questionnaire to describe any untoward symptoms. Results: The mean age of the patients was 48.3 ± 2.8 years (range: 16 to 80 years). Mild discomfort was experienced by 4 (10%) patients, while 12 (30%) patients had moderate pain and 5 (12.5%) patients experienced severe pain in Group-A. In group- B, 16 (40%) patients had mild discomfort, 7 (17.5%) had moderate pain, and 5 (12.5%) had severe pain. In Group-C, 10 (25%) individuals experienced mild discomfort, 5 (12.5%) patients experienced moderate pain, whereas none of the patients experienced severe pain (p