Neutralizing Antibody Response to ISarbecovirus/I Is Delayed in Sequential Heterologous Immunization

Antigenic imprinting, which describes the bias of the antibody response due to previous immune history, can influence vaccine effectiveness. While this phenomenon has been reported for viruses such as influenza, there is little understanding of how prior immune history affects the antibody response...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2022-06, Vol.14 (7)
Main Authors: Lv, Huibin, So, Ray T. Y, Teo, Qi Wen, Yuan, Meng, Liu, Hejun, Lee, Chang-Chun D, Yip, Garrick K, Ng, Wilson W, Wilson, Ian A, Peiris, Malik, Wu, Nicholas C, Mok, Chris Ka Pun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Coronavirus infections
Development and progression
Immune response
Immunization
Methods
Virus research
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Summary:Antigenic imprinting, which describes the bias of the antibody response due to previous immune history, can influence vaccine effectiveness. While this phenomenon has been reported for viruses such as influenza, there is little understanding of how prior immune history affects the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. This study provides evidence for antigenic imprinting through immunization with two Sarbecoviruses, the subgenus that includes SARS-CoV-2. Mice were immunized subsequently with two antigenically distinct Sarbecovirus strains, namely SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. We found that sequential heterologous immunization induced cross-reactive binding antibodies for both viruses and delayed the emergence of neutralizing antibody responses against the booster strain. Our results provide fundamental knowledge about the immune response to Sarbecovirus and important insights into the development of pan-sarbecovirus vaccines and guiding therapeutic interventions.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v14071382