Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in a patient with idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia and IFN-[gamma] neutralizing antibodies: a case report

Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection usually occurs in immunodeficient patients, such as those with human immunodeficiency virus infection and idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia. However, disseminated NTM diseases have also been reported in immunocompetent patients. Autoantibodies to in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC infectious diseases 2023-01, Vol.23 (1)
Main Authors: Goto, Ryo, Shiota, Seiji, Kaimori, Ryo, Horinouchi, Noboru, Utsunomiya Nishimizu, Rie, Yamamoto, Kyoko, Miyazaki, Eishi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Anorexia nervosa
Autoantibodies
Autoimmunity
Backache
Bacterial infections
Bone diseases
Care and treatment
Diagnosis
Drug therapy, Combination
Dysplasia
Ethambutol
Health aspects
HIV infection
Infection
Interferon
Interferon gamma
Lymphocytopenia
Mycobacterial infections
Patient outcomes
Prevention
Risk factors
Testing
Virus diseases
Weight loss
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Description
Summary:Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection usually occurs in immunodeficient patients, such as those with human immunodeficiency virus infection and idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia. However, disseminated NTM diseases have also been reported in immunocompetent patients. Autoantibodies to interferon-gamma (IFN-[gamma]) are known to be involved in disseminated NTM disease, although anti-IFN-[gamma] antibodies are mainly seen in immunocompetent patients rather than those with immunodeficiency. Here, we report a rare case of disseminated NTM patient with idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia and anti-IFN-[gamma] antibodies. In patients with disseminated NTM infection, idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia and anti-IFN-[gamma] autoantibody-positive immunodeficiency can be coexisted. It is necessary to clarify the pathogenesis and clinical course of CD4 lymphocytopenic conditions and IFN-[gamma] neutralizing antibody-positive in the disseminated NTM disease.
ISSN:1471-2334
1471-2334
DOI:10.1186/s12879-023-08020-6