Radioprotective effect of O.sanctum on the Salivary Glands of Rabbits Exposed to High Dose of [sup.131]I

• Published in: Indian journal of clinical biochemistry 2014-12, Vol.29 (S1), p.S77
• Main Authors: Bha, Joseph, Lebana, Raut, Yogita, Pawar, Yogita, Nayak, Yogendra, Awasare, Sushma, Ray, M.K, Rajan, M.G.R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amylases; Drug approval; Thyroid cancer
• ISSN: 0970-1915

Oral administration of [sup.131]I to the patients of differentiated thyroid cancer is routinely used to ablate remnant thyroid tissue or metastasis. Though internal administration of [sup.131]I is considered to be safe, it has been found to be associated with salivary gland damage. Around 30% of the patients exhibit permanent salivary gland damage resulting in xerostomia affecting their quality of life. At present amifostine is the only standard FDA approved radioprotectant available in the market for controlling the salivary gland damage but its associated with side effects such as hypotension and allergic reactions. Objective was to study the radioprotective properties of O. sanctum to the salivary glands of subjects exposed to high dose of [sup.131]I The study was carried out using New-Zealand White rabbits. They were divided in 4 groups as follows, Gr I: Control (n=2), Gr II: Rabbits (n=3) exposed to [sup.131]I (1GBq), Gr III: Rabbits(n=3) were pre supplemented with O.sanctum (40mg/Kg bw) for 5 days and subsequently exposed to [sup.131]I (1GBq). Gr IV: Rabbits (n=3) were pre supplemented with amifostine (200mg/kg bw) i.v 30 min before the [sup.131]I exposure (1GBq). Amifostine was used as a positive control. The animals after exposure to compounds and/or [sup.131]I were housed in RMC Animal house for 6 months and at intervals salivary amylase, protein, serum SGOT, serum SGPT, hematological parameters were studied. At the end of six months uptake of [sup.99m]Technetium pertechnetate in the salivary glands of the rabbits were done. The rabbits were then sacrificed and their salivary glands were collected for histopathological examination. No significant changes were observed in serum SGOT, SGPT levels, salivary amylase and hemoglobin levels between the groups. [sup.99m]Technetium pertechnetate uptake was seen in all the rabbits. Marked multifocallipomatosis and cellular atrophy was observed in the parotid glands of only [sup.131]I exposed rabbits whereas O.sanctum and amifostine pre treated rabbits exhibited cell architecture similar to the control group. As per the result above O.sanctum pre supplementation suggests radio-protective properties comparable to amifostine.