Phytochemical Profile, Preliminary Toxicity, and Antioxidant Capacity of the Essential Oils of IMyrciaria floribunda/I

• Published in: Antioxidants 2022-10, Vol.11 (10)
• Main Authors: de Moraes, Ângelo Antônio Barbosa, Ferreira, Oberdan Oliveira, da Costa, Leonardo Souza, Almeida, Lorena Queiroz, Varela, Everton Luiz Pompeu, Cascaes, Márcia Moraes, de Jesus Pereira Franco, Celeste, Percário, Sandro, Nascimento, Lidiane Diniz do, de Oliveira, Mozaniel Santana, Andrade, Eloisa Helena de Aguiar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Myrtaceae; Nutritional aspects
• ISSN: 2076-3921; 2076-3921
• DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102076

The essential oils (EOs) of Myrciaria floribunda (Mflo) and Myrcia sylvatica (Msyl) (Myrtaceae) were obtained by hydrodistillation. The analysis of volatile constituents was performed by GC/MS. Preliminary toxicity was assessed on Artemia salina Leach. The antioxidant capacity was measured by the ABTS[sup.•+] and DPPH[sup.•] radical inhibitory activities. The results indicate that the Mflo EO had the highest yield (1.02%), and its chemical profile was characterized by high levels of hydrocarbon (65.83%) and oxygenated (25.74%) monoterpenes, especially 1,8-cineole (23.30%), terpinolene (22.23%) and α-phellandrene (22.19%). Regarding the Msyl EO, only hydrocarbon (51.60%) and oxygenated (46.52%) sesquiterpenes were identified in the sample, with (Z)-α-trans-bergamotene (24.57%), α-sinensal (13.44%), and (Z)-α-bisabolene (8.33%) at higher levels. The EO of Mflo exhibited moderate toxicity against A. salina (LC[sub.50] = 82.96 ± 5.20 µg.mL[sup.−1]), while the EO of Msyl was classified as highly toxic (LC[sub.50] = 2.74 ± 0.50 µg.mL[sup.−1]). In addition, relative to Trolox, the EOs of Mflo and Msyl showed significant inhibitory effects (p < 0.0001) against the DPPH[sup.•] radical. This study contributes to the expansion of chemical and biological knowledge on the EOs of Myrtaceae species from the Amazon region.