Core–Shell Fe[sub.3]O[sub.4]@C Nanoparticles for the Organic Dye Adsorption and Targeted Magneto-Mechanical Destruction of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells

• Published in: Materials 2022-12, Vol.16 (1)
• Main Authors: Ivanova, Oxana S, Edelman, Irina S, Lin, Chun-Rong, Svetlitsky, Evgeniy S, Sokolov, Alexey E, Lukyanenko, Kirill A, Sukhachev, Alexander L, Shestakov, Nikolay P, Chen, Ying-Zhen, Spivakov, Aleksandr A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adsorption; Cancer; Nanoparticles
• ISSN: 1996-1944; 1996-1944
• DOI: 10.3390/ma16010023

The morphology, structure, and magnetic properties of Fe[sub.3]O[sub.4] and Fe[sub.3]O[sub.4]@C nanoparticles, as well their effectiveness for organic dye adsorption and targeted destruction of carcinoma cells, were studied. The nanoparticles exhibited a high magnetic saturation value (79.4 and 63.8 emu/g, correspondingly) to facilitate magnetic separation. It has been shown that surface properties play a key role in the adsorption process. Both types of organic dyes-cationic (Rhodomine C) and anionic (Congo Red and Eosine)-were well adsorbed by the Fe[sub.3]O[sub.4] nanoparticles' surface, and the adsorption process was described by the polymolecular adsorption model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 58, 22, and 14 mg/g for Congo Red, Eosine, and Rhodomine C, correspondingly. In this case, the kinetic data were described well by the pseudo-first-order model. Carbon-coated particles selectively adsorbed only cationic dyes, and the adsorption process for Methylene Blue was described by the Freundlich model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 14 mg/g. For the case of Rhodomine C, the adsorption isotherm has a polymolecular character with a maximum adsorption capacity of 34 mg/g. To realize the targeted destruction of the carcinoma cells, the Fe[sub.3]O[sub.4]@C nanoparticles were functionalized with aptamers, and an experiment on the Ehrlich ascetic carcinoma cells' destruction was carried out successively using a low-frequency alternating magnetic field. The number of cells destroyed as a result of their interaction with Fe[sub.3]O[sub.4]@C nanoparticles in an alternating magnetic field was 27%, compared with the number of naturally dead control cells of 6%.