Evaluation of economic development policies using a spherical fuzzy extended TODIM model with ZÌ-numbers

• Published in: PloS one 2023-06, Vol.18 (6), p.e0284862
• Main Authors: Ashraf, Shahzaib, Sohail, Muhammad, Fatima, Adan, Eldin, Sayed M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Economic development; Economic policy; Evaluation
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284862

Zadeh's ZÌ-numbers are able to more effectively characterize uncertain information. Combined with "constraint" and "reliability". It is more powerful at expressing human knowledge. While the reliability of data can have a direct impact on the precision of decisions. The key challenge in solving a ZÌ-number issue is reasoning about both fuzzy and probabilistic uncertainty. Existing research on the ZÌ-number measure is only some, and most studies cannot adequately convey the benefits of ZÌ-information and the properties of ZÌ-number. Considering this study void, this work concurrently investigated the randomness and fuzziness of ZÌ-number with Spherical fuzzy sets. We first introduced the spherical fuzzy Z-numbers (SFZNs), whose elements are pairwise comparisons of the decision-maker's options. It can be used effectively to make true ambiguous judgments, reflecting the fuzzy nature, flexibility, and applicability of decision making data. We developed the operational laws and aggregation operators such as the weighted averaging operator, the ordered weighted averaging operator, the hybrid averaging operator, the weighted geometric operator, the ordered weighted geometric operator, and the hybrid geometric operator for SFZÌNs. Furthermore, two algorithm are developed to tackle the uncertain information in the form of spherical fuzzy ZÌ-numbers based to the proposed aggregation operators and TODIM methodology. Finally, we developed the relative comparison and discussion analysis to show the practicability and efficacy of the suggested operators and approach.