Signaling Cross-Talk between Salicylic and Gentisic Acid in the ‘ICandidatus/I Phytoplasma Solani’ Interaction with Sangiovese Vines

“Bois noir” disease associated with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ seriously compromises the production and survival of grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) in Europe. Understanding the plant response to phytoplasmas should help to improve disease control strategies. Using a combined metabolomic and tran...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2023-07, Vol.12 (14)
Main Authors: Nutricati, Eliana, De Pascali, Mariarosaria, Negro, Carmine, Bianco, Piero Attilio, Quaglino, Fabio, Passera, Alessandro, Pierro, Roberto, Marcone, Carmine, Panattoni, Alessandra, Sabella, Erika, De Bellis, Luigi, Luvisi, Andrea
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Analysis
Anthocyanin
Candida
Control
Diseases and pests
Gene expression
Genetic aspects
Grapes
Health aspects
Instrument industry
Physiological aspects
Plant-pathogen relationships
Salicylic acid
Wine industry
Wineries
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Summary:“Bois noir” disease associated with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ seriously compromises the production and survival of grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) in Europe. Understanding the plant response to phytoplasmas should help to improve disease control strategies. Using a combined metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis, this work, therefore, investigated the phytoplasma–grapevine interaction in red cultivar Sangiovese in a vineyard over four seasonal growth stages (from late spring to late summer), comparing leaves from healthy and infected grapevines (symptomatic and symptomless). We found an accumulation of both conjugate and free salicylic acids (SAs) in the leaves of ‘Ca. P. solani’-positive plants from early stages of infection, when plants are still asymptomatic. A strong accumulation of gentisic acid (GA) associated with symptoms progression was found for the first time. A detailed analysis of phenylpropanoids revealed a significant accumulation of hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols, flavan 3-ols, and anthocyanin cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, which are extensively studied due to their involvement in the plant response to various pathogens. Metabolomic data corroborated by gene expression analysis indicated that phenylpropanoid biosynthetic and salicylic acid-responsive genes were upregulated in ‘Ca. P. solani-positive plants compared to -negative ones during the observed period.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants12142695