Identification of Immunodominant Proteins of the ILeishmania naiffi/I SubProteome as Pan-Specific Vaccine Targets against Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a wide-spectrum disease caused by parasites from Leishmania genus. A well-modulated immune response that is established after the long-lasting clinical cure of leishmaniasis can represent a standard requirement for a vaccine. Previous studies demonstrated that Leishmania (Viannia) n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccines (Basel) 2023-06, Vol.11 (7)
Main Authors: Jesus-Oliveira, Prisciliana, Silva-Couto, Luzinei, Pinho, Nathalia, Da Silva-Ferreira, André Teixeira, Saboia-Vahia, Leonardo, Cuervo, Patricia, Da-Cruz, Alda Maria, Gomes-Silva, Adriano, Pinto, Eduardo Fonseca
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Care and treatment
Diagnosis
Health aspects
Immune response
Leishmaniasis
Proteins
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Summary:Leishmaniasis is a wide-spectrum disease caused by parasites from Leishmania genus. A well-modulated immune response that is established after the long-lasting clinical cure of leishmaniasis can represent a standard requirement for a vaccine. Previous studies demonstrated that Leishmania (Viannia) naiffi causes benign disease and its antigens induce well-modulated immune responses in vitro. In this work we aimed to identify the immunodominant proteins present in the soluble extract of L. naiffi (sLnAg) as candidates for composing a pan-specific anti-leishmaniasis vaccine. After immunoblotting using cured patients of cutaneous leishmaniasis sera and proteomics approaches, we identified a group of antigenic proteins from the sLnAg. In silico analyses allowed us to select mildly similar proteins to the host; in addition, we evaluated the binding potential and degree of promiscuity of the protein epitopes to HLA molecules and to B-cell receptors. We selected 24 immunodominant proteins from a sub-proteome with 328 proteins. Homology analysis allowed the identification of 13 proteins with the most orthologues among seven Leishmania species. This work demonstrated the potential of these proteins as promising vaccine targets capable of inducing humoral and cellular pan-specific immune responses in humans, which may in the future contribute to the control of leishmaniasis.
ISSN:2076-393X
2076-393X
DOI:10.3390/vaccines11071129