Can Pyomelanin Produced by IPseudomonas aeruginosa/I Promote the Regeneration of Gastric Epithelial Cells and Enhance IHelicobacter pylori/I Phagocytosis?

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2023-09, Vol.24 (18)
• Main Authors: Urbaniak, Mateusz M, Rudnicka, Karolina, Gościniak, Grażyna, Chmiela, Magdalena
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Coronary heart disease; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Evolutionary biology; Helicobacter pylori; Stomach cancer
• ISSN: 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813911

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. Successful colonization of the stomach by H. pylori is related to the complex interactions of these bacteria and its components with host cells. The growing antibiotic resistance of H. pylori and various mechanisms of evading the immune response have forced the search for new biologically active substances that exhibit antibacterial properties and limit the harmful effects of these bacteria on gastric epithelial cells and immune cells. In this study, the usefulness of pyomelanin (PyoM) produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa for inhibiting the metabolic activity of H. pylori was evaluated using the resazurin reduction assay, as well as in vitro cell studies used to verify the cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic and pro-regenerative effects of PyoM in the H. pylori LPS environment. We have shown that both water-soluble (PyoM[sub.sol]) and water-insoluble (PyoM[sub.insol]) PyoM exhibit similar antibacterial properties against selected reference and clinical strains of H. pylori. This study showed that PyoM at a 1 μg/mL concentration reduced H. pylori-driven apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in fibroblasts, monocytes or gastric epithelial cells. In addition, PyoM enhanced the phagocytosis of H. pylori. PyoM[sub.sol] showed better pro-regenerative and immunomodulatory activities than PyoM[sub.insol].