Understanding the dynamics of deceased organ donation and utilization in Colombia/Examen de la dinamica de la donacion y utilizacion de organos de personas fallecidas en Colombia/Entendendo a dinamica da doacao e do aproveitamento de orgaos de pessoas falecidas na Colombia

• Published in: Revista panamericana de salud pública 2024-03, Vol.48
• Main Authors: Mususu, William Cruz, Garcia-Lopez, Andrea, Lozano-Suarez, Nicolas, Gomez- Montero, Andrea, Orellano-Salas, Milena, Vargas-Perez, Luisa, Escobar-Chaves, Ximena, Giron-Luque, Fernando
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• ISSN: 1020-4989
• DOI: 10.26633/RPSP.2024.24

Objective. To obtain a comprehensive overview of organ donation, organ utilization, and discard in the entire donation process in Colombia. Methods. A retrospective study of 1 451 possible donors, distributed in three regions of Colombia, evaluated in 2022. The general characteristics, diagnosis, and causes of contraindication for potential donors were described. Results. Among the 1 451 possible donors, 441 (30.4%) fulfilled brain death criteria, constituting the potential donor pool. Families consented to organ donation in 141 medically suitable cases, while 60 instances utilized legal presumption, leading to 201 eligible donors (13.9%). Of those, 160 (11.0%) were actual donors (in whom operative incision was made with the intent of organ recovery or who had at least one organ recovered). Finally, we identified 147 utilized donors (10.1%) (from whom at least one organ was transplanted). Statistically significant differences were found between age, sex, diagnosis of brain death, and donor critical pathway between regions. A total of 411 organs were transplanted from 147 utilized donors, with kidneys being the most frequently procured and transplanted organs, accounting for 280 (68.1%) of the total. This was followed by 85 livers (20.7%), 31 hearts (7.5%), 14 lungs (3.4%), and 1 pancreas (0.2%). The discard rate of procured deceased donors was 8.1%. Conclusions. About one-tenth of donors are effectively used for transplantation purposes. Our findings highlight areas of success and challenges, providing a basis for future improvements in Colombia. Keywords Tissue and organ procurement; organ transplantation; transplant donor site; transplants; tissue donors; Colombia. Objetivo. Presentar una descripcion integral de la donacion, utilizacion y descarte de organos en todo el proceso de donacion en Colombia. Metodos. Estudio retrospectivo de 1 451 donantes posibles, distribuidos en tres regiones de Colombia, que fueron evaluados en el 2022. Se describen las caracteristicas generales, el diagnostico y las causas de contraindicacion de los donantes potenciales. Resultados. De los 1 451 donantes posibles, 441 (30,4%) cumplian con los criterios de muerte encefalica y constituyeron el conjunto de donantes potenciales. Las familias consintieron la donacion de organos en 141 casos aptos desde el punto de vista medico, mientras que en 60 casos se recurrio a la presuncion legal, con lo que se llego a 201 donantes aptos (13,9%). De estos, 160 (11,0%) fueron donantes real