From a nutraceutical and anti-nutritional perspective, can a grain soybean cultivar be used as vegetable soybean?/Na perspectiva nutraceutica e antinutricional, cultivar de soja-grao pode ser usada como soja-hortalica?

• Published in: Ciência rural 2024-12, Vol.54 (12), p.1
• Main Authors: Ribera, Laura Matos, Filho, Arthur Bernardes Cecilio, do Carmo Fernandes, Gustavo, Aires, Eduardo Santana, da Silva, Maiele Leandro, Bonfim, Filipe Pereira Giardini
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0103-8478
• DOI: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20230518

Vegetable soybean has high nutritional value and offers functional benefits to human body. However, its use in cooking is still limited, mainly due to the lack of knowledge about its properties. In addition, the availability of cultivars for human consumption is reduced. Therefore, this study was conducted in Botucatu, Brazil, to assess the potential of grain soybean (GS) and dual-purpose soybean (DPS) cultivars for consumption as vegetable soybean (VS). Pods were harvested at R6 stage, and the contents of bioactive compounds (total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and proteins) and antinutritional components (nitrates, oxalate, alkaloids and tannins) were evaluated. The cultivars showed the same protein content, not differing statistically from each other, as well as for nitrate and oxalate. The content of phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity of the SG cultivar differed statistically from the content of the DPS and VS cultivars, respectively. According to the results, the GS cultivar, with pods harvested at R6 stage, showed nutraceutical quality and contents of antinutritional compounds similar to those of the two cultivars proposed for the vegetable soybean. Key words: Glycine max L. Merrill, bioactive compounds, oxalate, nitrate, tannin. A soja-hortalica apresenta alto valor nutritivo e oferece beneficios funcionais para o organismo humano. No entanto, seu uso na culinaria ainda e limitado, principalmente devido a falta de conhecimento sobre suas propriedades. Alem disso, a disponibilidade de cultivares para consumo humano e reduzida. Portanto, este estudo foi realizado em Botucatu, Brasil, com o objetivo de verificar o potencial de cultivares de soja-grao (SG) e soja de duplo proposito (SDP) para consumo como soja-hortalica (SH). Assim, vagens foram colhidas no estadio R6, foram avaliados quanto os teores de compostos bioativos (compostos fenolicos totais, flavonoides, atividade antioxidante e proteinas) e de antinutricionais (nitratos, oxalato, alcaloides e taninos). A cultivares apresentaram mesmo teor de proteina, nao diferindo estatisticamente entre si, bem como para nitrato e oxalato. O conteudo de compostos fenolicos e atividade antioxidante total da cultivar SG, diferiu estatisticamente do conteudo das cultivares SPD e SH, respectivamente. De acordo com os resultados, a cultivar SG, com colheita das vagens em R6, apresentou qualidade nutraceutica e teores de compostos antinutricionais compativel com as duas culti