Classifying intrusive and strongly metamorphosed rock units: CLASS—a cooperative lithodemic and stratigraphic system

• Published in: Canadian journal of earth sciences 2024-09, Vol.127 (5), p.1014-1042
• Main Authors: Maxeiner, Ralf O, Bosman, Sean A, Card, Colin D, Marsh, Arden, Morelli, Ryan M, Coueslan, Chris, Martins, Tania, Reid, Kyle, Easton, R. Michael, Knox, Bernadette, Mihalynuk, Mitchell G, Ootes, Luke, Cui, Yao, Grobe, Matthias, Guemache, Mehdi A, Lawley, Christopher J.M, Bohm, Chris, E.Ashton, Ken
• Format: Magazinearticle
• Language: English
• Subjects: CD-ROM catalog; CD-ROM database; Classification; Computational linguistics; Data base management systems; Geological surveys; Geology, Stratigraphic; Identification and classification; Jurisdiction; Language processing; Natural language interfaces; Nomenclature; Rankings; Relational data bases; Rock; Rocks; Stratigraphy; Subdivisions; Subgroups
• ISSN: 0008-4077; 1099-274X; 1480-3313
• DOI: 10.1139/cjes-2024-0057

We review currently available Canadian and international lithostratigraphic and lithodemic schemes and find most of them inadequate for classifying intrusive and strongly metamorphosed rocks of Canada and beyond. A new system is proposed, one that unifies, complements, and extends components of the revised North American Stratigraphic Code, the British Geological Survey Rock Unit Classification System of 2021, and the International Stratigraphic Guide of 1999. This new Cooperative Lithodemic and Stratigraphic System (CLASS) is intended to serve as a practical guide to geoscientists who need to classify and report on lithodemic units in North America and has broad applicability to other jurisdictions. It is built with database management practices in mind and employs the concept of inheritance of root characteristics between seven formal rock unit ranks, which will allow incorporation of the scheme into compact object-oriented and relational databases designed for purpose. Broad application of CLASS, especially to historically problematic lithodemic units, should help to foster jurisdictional interoperability, data sharing, global compilations, and thematic studies. At the heart of this proposed system is a subdivision and accompanying nomenclature that allows classification of rocks into seven formal ranks. Following the well-established lithostratigraphic supergroup, group, subgroup, formation, member, submember, and bed approach, CLASS proposes three classes of lithodemic subdivisions for formally naming lithodemic rock units.